At the stage of development and reform of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, physical training is an important and integral part of military training and education of personnel. It is aimed at ensuring the physical readiness of military personnel for military activities and is designed to contribute to solving other tasks of training and education.The current state and conduct of hostilities in the state requires professionally trained specialists in the Armed Forces, capable of productively solving tasks in various issues. The solution of these tasks involves the inclusion in various forms of physical training of special complexes invested in increasing the functional capacity of cadets. The purpose of the work is to practically justify the effectiveness of the application of complex military-applied tasks at the professional-applied stage of the development of the physical qualities of cadets on the example of training of military specialists at the Military Academy. Research material and methods. To achieve this goal, a complex of scientific research methods was applied, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodical literature), pedagogical (testing, experiment), sociological (written survey using a questionnaire), mathematical statistics methods. 32 cadets of the National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Pyotr Sahaidachny, ages 19-20, took part in the study. The results. The conducted studies objectively show that classes held twice a week for 90 minutes with the use in the educational and training process of developed blocks of complex military-applied tasks on various topics of physical training, aimed at the manifestation of general and special endurance and special qualities, have a positive effect on the physical. Conclusions. It was established that the complex tasks of the military-applied direction are the starting element of the microstructure of the educational session. It can be argued that the quality and effectiveness of the educational and training process largely depend on the selection and construction of the most optimal blocks of complex tasks, appropriate workloads, task performance modes, a promising model of professional activity that takes into account other training factors. The identification of the main influential components of complex tasks leads to the implementation of purposeful and effective management of the current state of cadets, and in the complex both physical and professional-applied preparedness
Актуальність. Підтримання високого рівня бойової здатності військовослужбовців є першочерговим завданням Збройних сил задля успішного виконання завдань за призначенням. Професійна діяльність офіцерів висуває нові вимоги, із якими випускники кафедр підготовки офіцерів запасу раніше не стикалися в повсякден- ному житті. Насамперед це постійна готовність виконувати завдання військово-професійної діяльності в будь- який час і за будь-яких умов. Отже, актуальним питанням залишається формування військово-прикладних навичок студентів ЗВО в процесі фізичного виховання, які дають змогу оптимізувати процес пристосування випускників КПОЗ до умов військової діяльності й виконання бойових завдань. Мета роботи – визначити ефективність впливу фізичного виховання на формування військово-прикладних навичок студентів закладів вищої освіти, які навчаються на кафедрі підготовки офіцерів запасу. Методи – аналіз наукової й методичної літератури, тестування, методи математичної статистики. Результати. Виявлено, що результати, отримані під час тестування фізичної підготовленості студентів, не відповідають вимогам Інструкції з фізичної підготовки в системі Міністерства оборони України для випускників ЗВО. Водночас аналіз вступних іспитів із фізичної підготовки цих студентів на військову кафедру виявив, що всі респонденти під час випробувань проде- монстрували позитивні результати з фізичної підготовки. Висновки. Проведені дослідження дали змогу з’ясувати, що офіцери, які отримали вищу освіту в закладах вищої освіти та одночасно навчалися за програмою підготовки офіцерів запасу, мають низькі результати з фізичної підготовленості. Крім того, вони виявилися не здатними організовувати й проводити фізичну підготовку з підлеглим особовим складом. Це пов’язано з не розвʼязаними раніше проблемами системи військової освіти, а проблемні питання низького рівня загально- військової підготовки офіцерів запасу командири та начальники різних рівнів намагалися вирішити за рахунок підвищення якості й обсягу професійної підготовки.
The experience of modern warfare and the results of scientific research show that an important and most effective means of solving the tasks of special physical training of military personnel is the use of physical exercises and sports, which are the closest in terms of the movements used and the nature of physical exertion to their military professional activities. One of these is military applied all-around and, above all, military pentathlon. Taking it allows you to adequately develop the necessary physical and special qualities, to form important military-applied skills, to improve professional techniques and actions, and to educate the moral and mental qualities of military personnel. The purposeof the work is to study the state of development of physical qualities and the formation of military-applied motor skills in the types of activities of military pentathlon, which belong to athletics. Research material and methods. To achieve this goal, a complex of scientific research methods was applied, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodical literature), pedagogical (testing, experiment), sociological (written survey using a questionnaire), mathematical statistics methods. 300 cadet athletes from various higher military educational institutions took part in the study. To achieve this goal, a complex of scientific research methods was applied, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodical literature), pedagogical (testing, experiment), sociological (written survey using a questionnaire), mathematical statistics methods. 300 cadet athletes from various higher military educational institutions took part in the study. Results. The conducted studies objectively show that in the process of developing applied sports skills, the qualities and skills we are studying are improved. The greater the difference in the level of sports preparation, the greater the difference in these indicators. Thus, the physical qualities of athletes of I and higher ranks have significant differences (p<0.05) compared to athletes who do not have sports ranks, in the development of speed by 10.7 %; speed endurance by 14.2 %; special endurance by 13.6 %; absolute hand strength by 29.8 %; relative hand strength by 30.9 %; in the development of speed and strength qualities (long jump from a standing position) by 14.6 %; throwing a grenade at a range of 42.8 %; throwing grenades with an accuracy of 60 %; shot put by 18 %. Conclusions. The conducted research allows us to state that the obtained results reflect the external and internal mechanism of adaptation of athletes in the process of developing sportsmanship
Exercise should ensure the formation of a sufficient level of indicators of the functional status of servicemen. Reducing the hours of training in the discipline “Physical Education and Special Physical Training” for cadets of higher education leads to a deterioration of their performance not only physical fitness but also functional status. The purpose of the work is to determine the impact of reducing the time of physical exercises on the indicators of the functional state of university cadets. To achieve this goal we used a set of scientific research methods, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodological literature), pedagogical (testing), medical and biological (pulsometry, dynamometry, anthropometry, spirometry, spirography, bicycle ergometry), methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 72 cadets, evenly divided into two groups, those who studied under the program with four hours of physical education (group 1; n = 36) and graduates who studied at the university under the program – 2 hours of physical education training (group 2; n = 36). Testing was conducted during the annual medical examination of cadets. In total, more than 65 sources of information were analyzed, followed by a final review and 21 sources of literature, including 4 foreign authors, the material of which was processed using general scientific methods. Results. During the study we found that graduates of group 1, both at rest and in the process of exercise and recovery after exercise, the functional state of the body in terms of significantly better than graduates of group 2 (p<0.05-0.001). This is manifested in less activity of physiological functions during exercise and faster recovery after exercise. Conclusions. Reduction of hours for physical education classes has a significant negative impact on the functional status of future officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (p<0.05-0.001). It is necessary to improve the program of physical training of cadets in order to improve their functional condition and efficiency
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