The current study examined the reliability and validity of the Comprehensive Assessment of Traits Relevant to Personality Disorder–Static Form (CAT-PD-SF), a dimensional measure of personality psychopathology. Specifically, we used exploratory factor analysis to determine the best higher order structure for the CAT-PD-SF traits. Results suggested a five-factor structure, albeit with marginal model fit. Second, we used correlation analyses to compare the CAT-PD-SF with two additional dimensional measures of personality, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5–Brief Form and the Five-Factor Model Rating Form. The results demonstrated the CAT-PD-SF scale scores were associated with domain and facet scores from these two models in a conceptually expected manner. Finally, we explored the association between the CAT-PD-SF scores and functional impairment and found moderate associations between CAT-PD-SF trait and functional impairment scores (as measured by the Measure of Disordered Personality Functioning Scale). Overall, findings add support to the structure of the CAT-PD model, and the use of the CAT-PD-SF in measuring dimensional personality psychopathology and impairment.
The impact of attachment to fathers on mental health in Latinx communities is understudied and not fully understood, though extant research focusing on maternal attachment forms a solid base of knowledge regarding the importance of attachment (to mothers) on mental health. The broad aim of this study was to examine the importance of paternal attachment in relation to maternal attachment on mental health in Latinx young adults. The current study used two large, young adult samples: one collected in Latin America ( n = 774) and one collected in the United States ( n = 1084). We hypothesized that paternal attachment would be a significant predictor of internalizing (emotional symptoms), externalizing (hyperactivity, conduct problems), and interpersonal (social problems, prosocial behavior) functioning beyond maternal attachment. Exploratory analyses examined whether paternal communication, trust, or feelings of alienation, three established facets of attachment, differentially related to mental health outcomes. Findings broadly supported hypotheses, as attachment to fathers made a significant, incremental contribution to all outcome variables. Further, paternal alienation emerged as a potent potential risk factor, while paternal trust emerged as a potential protective factor for mental health outcomes in these samples. This study is the first to endeavor to understand the links between paternal attachment and mental health beyond maternal attachment in two distinct samples with varying immigration statuses, countries of residence, and cultural norms and has important implications for working with Latinx populations from a clinical, assessment, and research standpoint.
a 75-item self-report questionnaire, has been widely used to measure attachment to one's mother, father, and peers. Using the IPPA, attachment has emerged as a protective factor in relation to a range of psychosocial variables. Yet, these studies with the IPPA are decades old, and may not adequately represent the current demographic composition of the United States, which is now composed of significantly more Latinx individuals. Indeed, no study has examined the cross-cultural psychometrics of this instrument, which is concerning in light of recent research, suggesting attachment may behave differently in Latinx populations. Thus, this study aimed to examine measurement invariance across Latinx and non-Latinx respondents on the IPPA. Data were collected across seven separate Texas universities (N = 1,787). Participants (74.3% female) were between the ages of 18 and 59 (m = 21, SD = 4.59), with 53.3% identifying as Latinx and 46.3% identifying as non-Latinx. Results indicate the IPPA mother, father, and peer subscales perform equivalently among Latinx and non-Latinx college students with regard to configural, metric, and scalar invariance. Yet, findings also suggest that the three-factor structure of the IPPA mother and father versions may be in need of refinement. These findings augment extant psychometric support for the IPPA's use in diverse college students while suggesting areas of exploration for future research.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.