In 1976, we designed an original questionnaire, consisting of 111 questions, directed at the epidemiology of prostatic disease. A case-control study by matched-pair analysis was conducted on 100 controls matched for age within 1 year and for residence in the same prefecture. Patients with prostatic cancer were distinguished from the general population of men by the following characteristics: 1) belonging to middle or lower socioeconomical class, 2) marriage at a young age and a long married life, 3) precocity, 4) vigorous sexual life followed by a fall-off of sexuality in later life, and 5 ) Western food habits. Based on analysis of results obtained in this case-control study, a high-risk group for prostatic cancer was outlined.

A case control study was conducted on 100 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and 100 controls matched by age and residence. Interviews were performed by welltrained urologists using an original questionnaire. Matched-pair analysis revealed the following characteristics and relative risks (RR) as being significantly (P < 0.05) different among the BPH patients versus the controls: higher educational background (RR = 2.77); not engaged in farming, forestry, or fishing (RR = 4.82); no environmental pollution at work (RR = 2.90); a present annual income of more than 2,400,000 yen (RR = 3.84); a previous annual income of more than 2,400,000 yen (RR = 3.82); practice the highest standard of living (RR = 4.24); more than two children (RR = 2.67); experienced first nocturnal emission before reaching the age of 20 (RR = 3.11); expending more than 10 min to complete one act of sexual intercourse (RR = 2.43); having no episode of sexual impotence that lasted more than 1 month (RR = 2.29); no family history of gastric ulcer (RR = 7.98); no family history of breast cancer (RR = 8.25); regular consumption of milk (RR = 2.25); irregular consumption of green and yellow vegetables (RR = 3.91); and pickles not consumed at every meal (RR = 1.99). Characteristics that did not achieve a high level of statistical significance (0.05 < P < 0.10) between cases and controls were as follows: past history of gonorrhea, urethritis, or prostatitis and syphilis (RR = 1.84, 2.76, and 4.26, respectively), and daily meat consumption (RR = 3.18). On the basis of interviews of the patients and cases reported in this study, we conclude that dietaly and sexual habits may be important factors which place individuals at a higher risk for developing BPH.

Patients with bladder tumors underwent a course of topical bladder instillation of 20 mg. mitomycin C in 20 ml. sterilized distilled water 3 times weekly for a total of 20 procedures. In 22 of the 50 patients (44 per cent) the tumors disappeared completely, while in 16 patients (32 per cent) there was partial disappearance and in 12 patients (24 per cent) there was no affect. Therefore, the total effective rate was 76 per cent. We concluded from our studies that mitomycin C topical therapy could be applied to low stage and low grade bladder tumors less than 1 cm. in diameter, without regard to the number of tumors. We now use mitomycin C topical therapy in all cases of bladder tumors. Local bladder reaction was noted in 3 cases but a complete course of therapy was accomplished in each case--in 2 cases without interruption of treatment and in 1 case by delaying treatment for 1 week. Abnormal values of hematocrit, white blood cells and platelets in blood were not observed during therapy.

In 1976, we designed an original questionnaire, consisting of 111 questions, directed at the epidemiology of prostatic disease. A case-control study by matched-pair analysis was conducted on 100 controls matched for age within 1 year and for residence in the same prefecture. Patients with prostatic cancer were distinguished from the general population of men by the following characteristics: 1) belonging to middle or lower socioeconomical class, 2) marriage at a young age and a long married life, 3) precocity, 4) vigorous sexual life followed by a fall-off of sexuality in later life, and 5) Western food habits. Based on analysis of results obtained in this case-control study, a high-risk group for prostatic cancer was outlined.

A case control study was conducted on 100 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and 100 controls matched by age and residence. Interviews were performed by well-trained urologists using an original questionnaire. Matched-pair analysis revealed the following characteristics and relative risks (RR) as being significantly (P less than 0.05) different among the BPH patients versus the controls: higher educational background (RR = 2.77); not engaged in farming, forestry, or fishing (RR = 4.82); no environmental pollution at work (RR = 2.90); a present annual income of more than 2,400,000 yen (RR = 3.84); a previous annual income of more than 2,400,000 yen (RR = 3.82); practice the highest standard of living (RR = 4.24); more than two children (RR = 2.67); experienced first nocturnal emission before reaching the age of 20 (RR = 3.11); expanding more than 10 min to complete one act of sexual intercourse (RR = 2.43); having no episode of sexual impotence that lasted more than 1 month (RR = 2.29); no family history of gastric ulcer (RR = 7.98); no family history of breast cancer (RR = 8.25); regular consumption of milk (RR = 2.25); irregular consumption of green and yellow vegetables (RR = 3.91); and pickles not consumed at every meal (RR = 1.99). Characteristics that did not achieve a high level of statistical significance (0.05 less than P less than 0.10) between cases and controls were as follows: past history of gonorrhea, urethritis, or prostatitis and syphilis (RR = 1.84, 2.76, and 4.26, respectively), and daily meat consumption (RR = 3.18). On the basis of interviews of the patients and cases reported in this study, we conclude that dietary and sexual habits may be important factors which place individuals at a higher risk for developing BPH.