BackgroundThe impact of pregnancy on the choroid is still under investigation. The aim of this study is to compare choroidal thickness measurements of healthy pregnant women in the third trimester and healthy non-pregnant women using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 122 eyes of 61 women, divided into two groups: 27 healthy pregnant women in the third trimester and 34 age-matched healthy non-pregnant women. Choroidal thickness was measured using Enhanced Depth Imaging OCT at ten different locations: at the fovea and every 500 µm from the fovea up to 2500 µm temporally and up to 2000 µm nasally.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the ten measurements of choroidal thickness comparing both groups. Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 304.1 + 9.6 µm in the control group and 318.1 + 15.6 µm in the pregnant women group (p = 0.446). There was also no statistically significant association between gestational age and choroidal thickness measurements in the healthy pregnant women group.ConclusionsOur study showed no statistically difference in choroidal thickness between healthy non-pregnant women and healthy pregnant women in the third trimester.
PurposeTo analyze choroidal thickness (CT) of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), type 2 DM and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.Patients and methodsThis cross-sectional study included 144 eyes of 72 pregnant women in the third trimester divided into four groups: 27 non-diabetic pregnant women; 15 pregnant women with GDM; 16 with type 2 DM and 14 with type 1 DM. CT was measured using optical coherence tomography at ten different locations. We also analyzed possible confounding factors, such as gestational age, glycosylated hemoglobin, time from DM diagnosis, hypertension and severity of diabetic retinopathy.ResultsThe comparison between the four groups showed a thinner choroid in patients with type 1 DM in all locations, with statistical significance in subfoveal and temporal measurements. When comparing only patients with type 1 and type 2 DM, adjusting for confounding factors, the choroid of patients with type 1 DM remained thinner at all macular points, also with statistical significance in subfoveal and temporal measurements.ConclusionPregnant women with type 1 DM had significantly thinner CT measurements on subfoveal and temporal locations. No differences were found in CT between the control group and pregnant women with GDM and type 2 DM.
Pregnancy is an independent risk factor for the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). A possible relation with morphological changes of the choroid should be studied. The aim of this study was to analyze choroidal thickness measurements of nondiabetic pregnant women and of pregnant women with type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes mellitus using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). This cross-sectional study included 144 eyes of 72 pregnant women in the third trimester divided into four groups: Group 1 consisted of 27 nondiabetic pregnant women (control group); Group 2 consisted of 15 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); Group 3 consisted of 16 pregnant women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); and Group 4 consisted of 14 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Choroidal thickness was measured using EDI-OCT at ten different locations: at the fovea and every 500µm from the fovea up to 2500µm temporally and up to 2000µm nasally. Other variables such as gestational age, glycosylated hemoglobin values (HbA1c), time from DM diagnosis, hypertension and severity of DR were analyzed. The analysis of the 4 groups adjusted for the presence of hypertension showed a thinner choroid in patients with T1DM in all locations, with statistical significance in subfoveal and temporal measurements. In the comparison only between patients with DM, adjusted for HbA1c, time from diagnosis and presence of hypertension and DR, choroid of patients with T1DM remained thinner at all macular points. In conclusion, our study showed no statistically difference in choroidal thickness between nondiabetic pregnant women, pregnant women with GDM and pregnant women with T2DM during the third trimester. On the other hand, pregnant women with T1DM had significantly thinner choroidal thickness measurements. Disclosure C.Z. Benfica: None. T. Zanella: None. L.B. Farias: None. M.R. Oppermann: None. L.H.S. Canani: None. D. Lavinsky: None.
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