Based on radiologic findings, risk factors, and FNA results, many incidental thyroid nodules can be observed. Incidental thyroid nodules should be evaluated in the same fashion as a palpable thyroid nodule.

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BackgroundThis American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) consensus statement focuses on evidence‐based comprehensive pain management practices for thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Overutilization of opioids for postoperative pain management is a major contributing factor to the opioid addiction epidemic however evidence‐based guidelines for pain management after routine head and neck endocrine procedures are lacking.MethodsAn expert panel was convened from the membership of the AHNS, its Endocrine Surgical Section, and ThyCa. An extensive literature review was performed, and recommendations addressing several pain management subtopics were constructed based on best available evidence. A modified Delphi survey was then utilized to evaluate group consensus of these statements.ConclusionsThis expert consensus provides evidence‐based recommendations for effective postoperative pain management following head and neck endocrine procedures with a focus on limiting unnecessary use of opioid analgesics.

We advocate for a routine excision of levels II, III, IV, and Vb in PTC with metastasize to any lateral neck level. Although we have routinely dissected level IIb, it may be appropriate to omit its dissection, as well as level Va, when there are no clinical, radiologic, or intraoperative evidence of disease involving these sublevels.

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Collaboration of head and neck surgeons with vascular surgeons provides the patient with an oncologic resection and revascularization with a low perioperative risk of stroke. This improves the patient's quality of life by lessening the possibility of a stroke postoperatively.