Incidence and Contemporary Predictors of Vascular Complications after Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Background: Despite all advances in interventional cardiology, vascular complications remain relatively frequent and its contemporary predictors are not well studied. The current investigation was designed with the aim of evaluating the incidence and predictors of vascular complications after percutaneous coronary interventions performed by the femoral approach. Method: Between December 2005 and December 2006, 383 consecutive patients were submitted to percutaneous coronary interventions using the femoral approach and were clinically monitored for the detection of in-hospital vascular complications. Results: Vascular complications occurred in 6.5% of the patients and pseudoaneurism was the most frequently observed complication (2.6%). The independent predictors of vascular complications in the present study were female gender (odds ratio= 5.61; 95% CI= 1.99-15.76) and the use of abciximab (odds ratio= 3.02; 95% CI = 1.10-8.26). Vascular closure devices were the only independent protectors against vascular complications (odds ratio= 0.36; 95% CI = 0.12-0.99), specially when used in men. Conclusion: Vascular complications remain relativelly frequent after percutaneous coronary interventions. The contemporary predictors of these complications are female gender and the use of abciximab, while vascular closure devices act as independent protector against them, specially in men.
Objective:To evaluate the compliance rates to quality of care indicators along the implementation of an acute myocardial infarction clinical practice guideline.Methods:A clinical guideline for acute myocardial infarction was introduced on March 1st, 2005. Patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction from March 1st, 2005 to December 31st, 2012 (n=1,431) were compared to patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction before the implementation of the protocol (n=306). Compliance rates to quality of care indicators (ASA prescription on hospital admission and discharge, betablockers on discharge and door-to-balloon time) as well as the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality were compared before and after the implementation of the clinical guideline.Results:The rates of ASA prescription on admission, on discharge and of betablockers were higher after guideline implementation: 99.6% versus 95.8% (p<0.001); 99.1% versus 95.8% (p<0.001); and 95.9% versus 81.7% (p<0.001), respectively. ASA prescription rate increased over time, reaching 100% from 2009 to 2012. Door-to-balloon time after versus before implementation was of 86(32) minutes versus 93(51) (p=0.20). The length of hospital stay after the implementation versus before was of 6(6) days versus 6(4) days (p=0.34). In-hospital mortality was 7.6% (before the implementation), 8.7% between 2005 and 2008, and 5.3% between 2009 and 2012, (p=0.04).Conclusion:The implementation of an acute myocardial infarction clinical practice guideline was associated with an increase in compliance to quality of care indicators.
RESUMO: Estenose aórtica (EAo) é a doença cardíaca valvar mais comum, afeta, aproximadamente, 3% da população idosa submetida a implante de bioprótese aórtica por cateter. Os enfermeiros necessitam aperfeiçoar o conhecimento para elaborar protocolos de atendimento e cuidados. Objetivo: propor intervenções de enfermagem no período pós-operatório imediato para pacientes submetidos a tratamento da estenose aórtica por cateter. Método: pesquisa retrospectiva, quantitativa, com amostra composta por 418 pacientes cujos dados foram fornecidos pelo Registro Brasileiro de Implante por Cateter de Bioprótese Valvar Aórtica, entre janeiro de 2008 e fevereiro de 2013. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 81,5 anos, 348 pacientes apresentavam classe funcional III ou IV de insuficiência cardíaca, sendo que as complicações com maior incidência foram: bloqueio de ramo esquerdo (129 pacientes), bloqueio átrio ventricular (110) e necessidade de implante de marca-passo (83). Conclusão: Foram propostas as intervenções de enfermagem para avaliação da função neurológica, vascular, hematológica, renal, cardíaca, parâmetros vitais e controle da dor.Palavras-chave: Estenose da valva aórtica. Implante de prótese de valva cardíaca. Bioprótese. Avaliação em enfermagem. Cuidados pós-operatórios. ABSTRACT: Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease; affects approximately 3% of the elderly population, underwent implantation of aortic bioprosthesis catheter. Nurses need to improve knowledge, to develop treatment protocols and care. Objective: Propose nursing interventions for postoperative patients treated for AS catheter. Method: Retrospective, quantitative research; composite sample of the Registro Brasileiro de Implantepor Cateter de Bioprótese Valvar Aórtica, with 418 patients between January 2008 and February 2013. Results: The mean age was 81.5 years, 348 were in functional class III or IV cardiac arrest; complications with the highest incidence: left bundle branch block (129 patients), atrioventricular block (110) and the need for pacemaker implantation (83). Conclusion: We propose the nursing interventions for evaluation of neurological function, vascular, hematologic, renal, cardiac, vital signs, and pain control. Keywords: Aortic valve stenosis. Heart valve prosthesis implantation. Bioprosthesis. Nursing assessment. Postoperative care.RESUMEN: La estenosis aórtica (EA) es la enfermedad valvular cardiaca más común; afecta, aproximadamente, 3% de la población de edad avanzada que se sometió a implantación del cateter bioprótesis aórtica. Hay la necesidad de mejorar el conocimiento de los enfermeros para que puedan desarrollar protocolos de tratamiento y atención. Objetivo: proponer intervenciones de enfermería para el postoperatorio de los pacientes tratados por catéter EA.Método: investigación cuantitativa retrospectiva, con muestra compuesta por 418 pacientes cuyos datos proveen del Registro Brasileiro de Implante por Cateter de Bioprótese Valvar Aórtica, entre enero de 2008 y febrero de 2013. Resultados: la edad med...
Objective:To evaluate the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (cardiac death, or acute myocardial infarct, or target vessel revascularization) at one year in “real world” patients.Methods:The EINSTEIN registry is an observational, prospective, single center study that consecutively included 103 patients (152 lesions) treated with the Biomatrix™ stent, a biolimus A9-eluting stent with biodegradable polymer.Results:The mean age was 65.0±12.4 years; male gender represented 83.5% of the patients; and 37.9% of them were diabetic. At one-year, major adverse cardiac events occurred in 11.7% of the patients, including 2.9% of cardiac death, 4.9% of with non ST- segment elevation acute myocardial infarction, and 3.9% of target vessel revascularization. Stent thrombosis occurred in only 1% (1 patient) at one-yearfollow-up.Conclusion:The present Registry suggests that new generation biolimus A9 drug-eluting stents are safe and effective in a “real world”, all-comers patients, showing low rates of major cardiac adverse events on long-term follow-up.
Introdução: O sistema de condução localizado no septo interventricular encontra-se anatomicamente contíguo ao anel valvar aórtico. Por isso, distúrbios na condução atrioventricular e intraventricular podem decorrer de inflamação, edema e estresse mecânico causados pelas hastes metálicas da bioprótese CoreValve. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a incidência de distúrbios da condução atrioventricular e intraventricular após implante percutâneo da CoreValve. Método: Entre janeiro de 2008 e abril de 2010, 23 pacientes portadores de estenose aórtica foram submetidos a implante da CoreValve. A média de idade foi de 81 ± 8,3 anos, e 12 (52,1%) pacientes eram do sexo masculino. Resultados: Após o implante valvar, constataram-se as seguintes alterações na condução atrioventricular: 3 (13%) bloqueios atrioventriculares totais, 2 (8,7%) bloqueios atrioventriculares de 2º grau e 8 (34,8%) bloqueios atrioventriculares de 1º grau, sendo 4 (17,4%) novos e 4 preexistentes. Assim, distúrbios de condução mais avançados, como bloqueio atrioventricular de 2 o grau e/ou bloqueio atrioventricular total ocorreram em 5 (21,7%) pacientes. Em relação aos distúrbios da condução intraventricular pós-implante, foram detectados 14 (60,9%) bloqueios completos de ramo esquerdo, sendo 2 (8,7%) com bloqueio completo de ramo direito e bloqueio completo de ramo esquerdo alternante. Nesta série, 7 (30,4%) pacientes foram submetidos a implante de marca-passo permanente, 6 (26,1%) deles por indicação absoluta. Todos os pacientes que apresentavam bloqueio completo de ramo direito antes do procedimento necessitaram do marca-passo permanente. Conclusão: Distúrbios da condução atrioventricular e, principalmente, bloqueio de ramo esquerdo são comuns após implante percutâneo da bioprótese CoreValve. O implante de marcapasso permanente é necessário em aproximadamente um quarto dos casos. A presença de bloqueio completo de ramo direito pré-implante valvar está relacionada a
Effective vaccination against coronavirus mitigates the risk of hospitalisation and mortality; however, it is unclear whether vaccination status influences long COVID symptoms in patients who require hospitalisation. The available evidence is limited to outpatients with mild disease. Here, we evaluated 412 patients (age: 60 ± 16 years, 65% males) consecutively admitted to two Hospitals in Brazil due to confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Compared with patients with complete vaccination (n = 185) before infection or hospitalisation, those with no or incomplete vaccination (n = 227) were younger and had a lower frequency of several comorbidities. Data during hospitalisation revealed that the no or incomplete vaccination group required more admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU), used more corticosteroids, and had higher rates of pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis than the complete vaccination group. Ninety days after hospital discharge, patients with no or incomplete vaccination presented a higher frequency of symptoms (≥ 1) than patients with complete vaccination (40 vs. 27%; p = 0.013). After adjusting for confounders, no or incomplete vaccination (odds ratio [OR] 1.819; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.175–2.815), female sex (OR 2.435; 95% CI 1.575–3.764) and ICU admission during hospitalisation (OR 1.697; 95% CI 1.062–2.712) were independently associated with ≥ 1 symptom 90 days after hospital discharge. In conclusion, even in patients with severe COVID-19, vaccination mitigates the probability of long COVID symptoms.
Modelo: Estudo descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Objetivo: Identificar desfechos clínicos e a prevalência de uso da dupla antiagregação plaquetária (DAP) 30 dias e 12 meses após implante de stent bioabsorvível eluidor de everolimus (BVS). Metodologia e casuística: Foram coletados e analisados de maneira descritiva dados referentes a antecedentes clínicos, procedimento, resultados pós-procedimento e complicações intra-hospitalares, acompanhamento e antiagregação plaquetária 30 dias e um ano após implante de BVS de pacientes submetidos a intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) com BVS. Resultados: 169 pacientes foram submetidos a 182 a ICP com BVS para tratamento de 298 lesões, com idade média de 56,9±10,8 anos, 84% do sexo masculino. Até quatro lesões foram abordadas por ICP, 49% na artéria descendente anterior, 81,2% graves (Ellis B2 e C), 99% em TIMI 3 pós-procedimento. Após o procedimento, o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST foi a principal complicação intrahospitalar (11,5%). Trinta dias após a ICP, não houve complicações relacionadas ao procedimento e 93,4% estavam em DAP. Após um ano, três pacientes foram submetidos a nova ICP não relacionada ao vaso anteriormente abordado e 80,2% mantinham DAP. Ressalta-se que não ocorreu re-estenose clinicamente significativa no período de seguimento. Conclusão: A prevalência de uso de DAP foi alta e não houve complicações precoces ou tardias relacionadas à ICP com BVS, confirmando a segurança e efetividade do procedimento na instituição.
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