Abstract-In content-oriented networking, content files are typically cached in network nodes, and hence how to cache content files is crucial for the efficient content delivery and cache storage utilization. In this paper, we propose a content caching scheme, WAVE, in which the number of chunks to be cached is adjusted based on the popularity of the content. In WAVE, an upstream node recommends the number of chunks to be cached at its downstream node, which is exponentially increased as the request count increases. Simulation results reveal that the average hop count of content delivery of WAVE is lower than other schemes, and the inter-ISP traffic volume of WAVE is the second lowest (CDN is the lowest). Also, WAVE achieves higher cache hit ratio and fewer frequent cache replacements than other on-demand caching strategies.
Abstract-The mitigation of intercell interference is a central issue for future generation wireless cellular networks where frequencies are reused aggressively and where hierarchical cellular structures may heavily overlap. The paper examines the benefit of coordinating transmission strategies and resource allocation schemes across multiple cells for interference mitigation. For a multicell network serving multiple users per cell sectors and where both the base-stations and the remote users are equipped with multiple antennas, this paper proposes a joint proportionally fair scheduling, spatial multiplexing, and power spectrum adaptation method that coordinates multiple basestations with an objective of optimizing the overall network utility. The proposed scheme optimizes the user schedule, transmit and receive beamforming vectors, and transmit power spectra jointly, while taking into consideration both the intercell and intracell interference and the fairness among the users. The proposed system is shown to significantly improve the overall network throughput while maintaining fairness as compared to a conventional network with per-cell zero-forcing beamforming and with fixed transmit power spectrum. The proposed system goes toward the vision of a fully coordinated multicell network, whereby transmission strategies and resource allocation schemes (rather than transmit signals) are coordinated across the basestations as a first step. I. OVERVIEW A. IntroductionIntercell interference is a fundamental limiting factor in wireless cellular networks. A promising idea for the mitigation of intercell interference in future cellular networks is the coordination of multiple base-stations. In a fully coordinated multicell system, multiple antennas across multiple basestations can be thought of as forming a large antenna array, where intercell interference can be actively exploited. The realization of such a fully coordinated system, however, also requires high-capacity backhaul communication. As antennas from across multiple base-stations need to jointly transmit and receive signals for multiple mobile users, data streams of multiple users must be shared among multiple base-stations. This paper explores a different type of coordination where user transmission strategies and resource allocation schemes, rather than data signals, are coordinated across the basestations. The coordination of transmission strategies clearly requires much less backhaul communication, and is much easier to implement in a practical deployment. The goal of this paper is to show that by jointly setting the scheduling, power allocation, and beamforming strategies of multiple basestations and multiple mobile users within each cell, intercell interference can already be alleviated, and the overall performance of the network can already be improved significantly as compared to the current generation of wireless networks where cells operate independently.Resource management has been the focus of extensive studies for cellular networks in the past, but tr...
Spreading rumors on the Internet has become increasingly pervasive due to the proliferation of online social media. This paper investigates how rumors are amplified by a group of users who share similar interests or views, dubbed as an echo chamber. To this end, we identify and analyze 'rumor' echo chambers, each of which is a group of users who have participated in propagating common rumors. By collecting and analyzing 125 recent rumors from six popular fact-checking sites, and their associated 289,202 tweets/retweets generated by 176,362 users, we find that the rumors that are spread by rumor echo chamber members tend to be more viral and quickly propagated than those that are not spread by echo chamber members. We propose the notion of an echo chamber network that represents relations among rumor echo chambers. By identifying the hub rumor echo chambers (in terms of connectivity to other rumor echo chambers) in the echo chamber network, we show that the top 10% of hub rumor echo chambers contribute to propagation of 24% rumors by eliciting more than 36% of retweets, implying that core rumor echo chambers significantly contribute to rumor spreads. Online media such as social networks, online communities, instant messages, and e-mails have become popular vectors in disseminating news, content, political campaigns, scientific findings, or product advertisements. Due to the nature of such online media that spreads information quickly and widely 1-3 , there have been attempts to disseminate misinformation, false news, or rumors, the last of which are circulating stories of uncertain or ungrounded gossips 4,5. Such rumors usually affect people, society, or economics. For example, the misinformation about Hurricane Sandy on the east coast of the USA brought the storm of rumors and false photos on the Internet 6. Another well-known widespread rumor is about the Boston Marathon Bombing event. FBI requested for materials related to the suspects (as bombers), but many people reported and propagated a deluge of misinformation or rumors to that event at the moment 7. A false news about Barack Obama's injury due to the White House explosion was reported through Twitter by the Associated Press (AP), which brought monetary chaos in stock markets-$130 billion in stock values were wiped out 8. The growing importance in understanding rumor spreads has spurred research into analyzing rumor propagation patterns in online media. By analyzing the factors that are related to rumor propagation, researchers have investigated how different types of content 9,10 or initial propagation patterns 9 are associated with the rumor propagation. From a user perspective, the relations between rumor propagation patterns and individuals' interest (or political standpoint) 11,12 , behavioral characteristics 7,13 , or social structures 14 have been investigated. While these studies have provided valuable insights into understanding rumor spreads and their associated factors, relatively little attention has been paid to how a group of users that share...
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