Peripheral neuropathy is a major side effect following treatment with the cancer chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel. Whether paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is secondary to altered function of small diameter sensory neurons remains controversial. To ascertain whether the function of the small diameter sensory neurons was altered following systemic administration of paclitaxel, we injected male Sprague Dawley rats with 1 mg/kg paclitaxel every other day for a total of four doses and examined vasodilatation in the hindpaw at day 14 as an indirect measure of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) release. In paclitaxel-treated rats, the vasodilatation induced by either intradermal injection of capsaicin into the hindpaw or electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve was significantly attenuated in comparison to vehicle-injected animals. Paclitaxel treatment, however, did not affect direct vasodilatation induced by intradermal injection of methacholine or CGRP, demonstrating that the blood vessels' ability to dilate was intact. Paclitaxel treatment did not alter the compound action potentials or conduction velocity of C-fibers. The stimulated release of CGRP from the central terminals in the spinal cord was not altered in paclitaxel-injected animals. These results suggest that paclitaxel affects the peripheral endings of sensory neurons to alter transmitter release, and this may contribute to the symptoms seen in neuropathy.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of microneedling in patients with atrophic post-acne scars. Methodology A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Patel Hospital for a duration of six months. Patients who were diagnosed with moderate to severe-grade atrophic acne scars were enrolled in the study. Patients with a history of photosensitivity, systemic lupus erythematosus, and xeroderma pigmentosum were excluded from the study. Goodman and Baron’s acne scar-grading system was used to evaluate the degree of atrophic scarring. A total of three sessions divided into four weekly intervals were conducted. The scar-grading was done before the procedure and after three treatment sessions using Goodman and Baron's acne scar grading system. Results A total of 50 patients were included in this study; 36 (72%) were females and 14 (28%) were males, with a mean age of 30.92±6.19 years. A decrease in the acne scar-grade was noted from grade III to grade II after three sessions of treatment. A significantly higher number of patients were in grade II after three-month sessions compared with before treatment (p=0.009), and a significantly lesser number of patients were in grade III (p=0.045). A significantly higher proportion of patients with moderate acne scars, as compared to severe, were in grade II (77.3% vs. 22.7%; p<0.001). Conclusion In this study, we found an improvement in the scar grade after microneedling sessions. However, as the study was retrospective, we suggest prospective randomized controlled trials in our set-up to better uncover the role of microneedling in reducing acne scars.

Aims and Objects: Dermatophytosis is a common infection worldwide, and a major public health issue. Hot, humid climates and overcrowding favor the spread of skin infection in general populations. The purpose of the study is to analyze the prevalence of disease in patients attending the outpatient department of dermatology PUMHS-W Nawabshah.  Methodology: The study type is cross-sectional,  conducted at departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah, for 3 months, (June 1st, 2020 to August 31st, 2020) after written permission from ERC. A total of 93 cases were included. Skin scraping, nail clippings, hair fragments, and scalp, samples were acquired from patients approaching the Outpatient department. Wood /s lamp examination was carried out in all patients. By using 20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) on a glass slide with the sample and passing over the flame 2-3 times. After confirmation, the samples were streaked on the sterilized Sabouraud dextrose agar medium containing antibiotic, Petri plates were incubated at 25-28 °C for two weeks, all cases were directed towards the microscopic examination, and results were entered into SPSS 20 analyzed and tabulated. Results: Out of 93 suspects 84 (90.3%) samples were positive for fungal infection, and among them, 68 (73.1%) cases gave positive growth, Male predominance is noticed with 60%.Tinea corporis 45.6%is on the top of the list causing infection and T. unguium is the least common1.5%. The adult age group 20-40yrs were more affected followed by the middle-aged group. Conclusion: Dermatophytosis is common in the younger and adult age group, but it is prevalent in our general population irrespective of age and gender.

Introduction: Lichen amyloidosus (LA) is the major variant of the primarycutaneous amyloidoses which present with severe and therapy resistant itching. Varioustherapeutic modalities such as antihistamines, intralesional injection or topical applicationof corticosteroids, etretinate, UVB irradiation and dermoabrasion have been employed withvariable success. Some authors have observed encouraging beneficial clinical effects by usingtopical dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). Objectives: The objective of the study was to: evaluatethe efficacy of topical Dimethyl sulfoxide (D.M.S.O) 70% in Lichen Amyloidosis. Study Design:Case series. Settings: This study was conducted at dermatology department, Abbasi ShaheedHospital in outpatient department (OPD). Duration of Study: The data collection was done in06 months after approval of synopsis. From: 2nd June 2013 to 2nd December 2013. Results: Inthis study, out of 71 cases, 42.25%(n=30) were between 16-40 years while 57.75%(n=41) werebetween 41-80 years of age, mean+sd was calculated as 41.79+10.87 years, 26.76%(n=19)were male and 73.24%(n=52) were females, 36.62%(n=26) had <6 months and 63.38%(n=45)had ≥6 months of duration, frequency of efficacy of topical dimethyl sulfoxide (D.M.S.O) in lichenamyloidosis reveals 66.20%(n=47) while 33.80%(n=24) did not show efficacy. Conclusion: Weconcluded that the efficacy of topical Dimethyl sulfoxide (D.M.S.O) 70% in Lichen Amyloidosisis higher and in accordancde with other studies. It may be utilized in future for such cases.

Due to the fast development in the domains of technology, education and research, different cultures worldwide have become interconnected and we are all considered to be living in the global village. Mutual understanding and tolerance in such a community is of crucial importance. Thus, intercultural sensitivity has become a core concept that needs to be understood and promoted worldwide among both younger and older population. The aim of this paper is to analyze the concept of intercultural sensitivity and its importance. Moreover, the paper discusses different models of intercultural sensitivity and the importance of intercultural sensitivity training programs. It is expected that the paper will raise awareness about this fundamental issue, and will contribute to its further understanding.

Herlyn Werner Wunderlich Syndrome (HWW) is a rare congenital malformation of female urogenital tracts. We report our first case of HWWS with urethrovaginal fistula in Lady Aitchison Hospital Lahore. A 27 years old lady presented with hematuria and urinary retention having single opening at vulva with menstrual blood and urine draining through it. Examination under anesthesia showed uretheral opening in anterior wall of lower 1/3 of vagina.MRI showed uterus didelphus with two cervices and vagina (atresia of lower 2/3 on left side) and absent left kidney.Surginal treatment by creating a separate opening of neourethra was made by Urology Department of Mayo Hospital. Keywords: Herlyn Werner Wunderlich syndrome, urethrovaginal fistula, urogenital tract

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Objective: Psoriasis is an immune mediated inflammatory skin disorder that potentially requires lifelong management. Different therapies treating psoriasis have been recognized wherein Secukinumab is a fully humanized, IL-17A monoclonal antibody that has been approved by US Food and Drug administration for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Therefore, this study targeted to assess the efficacy of Secukinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Methodology: This was a Prospective interventional multicenter study conducted by using consecutive sampling technique. The duration of study was about one year. The sample size was 138. Adult patients between 18-65 years of either gender with clinical diagnosis of psoriasis vulgaris involving scalp, face, hands, or genital areas, were include. Treatment initiated by the administration of a single dose of 300 mg Secukinumab subcutaneously for 4 weeks then monthly for 52 weeks. Paired t-test was applied to assess the difference in the PASI score at various follow ups. Results: The study results showed that out of 138 patients, 112(81.2%) were males and 26(18.8%) were females and their mean age was 40.47±9.55 years. As far as distribution of disease is concerned, 117(84.8%) patients reported Plaque Psoriasis, 57(41.3%) patients reported Scalp Psoriasis, 9(6.5%) patients reported nail Psoriasis, 11(8.0%) patients reported Palmoplantar Psoriasis, and 5(3.6%) patients reported Erythrodermic psoriasis. For the comparison of Secukinumab treatment under PASI scores, there was statistically significant reduction observed from mean of baseline PASI scores till 1 week (p<0.001), till 2 week (p<0.001), till 4 week (p<0.001), till 8 week (p<0.001). The improvement in mean PASI score from baseline to 1 year was 91%. Conclusion: This study concluded that Secukinumab is a highly effective, rapid-acting biological therapy with no obvious adverse effects. Additionally, it was seen that secukinumab significantly reduced the baseline PASI score till 8 week rapidly in moderate and severe psoriasis.