Introduction. The long-term highly toxic effect of fluorides on the body causes the development of production-related pathology of the musculoskeletal system and mineral metabolism in aluminum industry workers. Bone and joint destruction occurring against the background of chronic intoxication has a hereditary component. A molecular genetic study of the generalized form of fluoride osteopathy will allow to establish associations of the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene with violations of the architectonics of bone tissue and to determine the need for the use of modern methods of osteological analysis in the early diagnosis of chronic occupational intoxication with fluoride compounds. The study aims to learn the associative relationship of the degree of change in bone mineral density with the genotypes of the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene in aluminum industry workers. Materials and methods. We have carried out the analysis of the features of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, osteopenia and osteosclerosis in workers of the main professions of aluminum production with the use of molecular and clinical research methods. Specialists have examined 170 workers with chronic occupational intoxication with fluoride compounds and 57 individuals with individual signs of fluoride exposure to the skeleton. We have completed osteodensitometry by two-energy photon X-ray absorptiometry. Experts conducted a detection of polymorphism 283 A>G (BsmI) VDR by PCR Real Time. Results. There is a correspondence between the registration of the frequency of genotypes of polymorphism 283 A>G (BsmI) of the vitamin D receptor gene corresponding to the Hardy-Weinberg law (p>0.05). Experts have established significant differences in the frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles in groups in accordance with densitometry data. A decrease in bone mineral density in the area of the distal diaphysis of the femur is associated with the AG VDR genotype. Osteoporosis at the L1-L4 level is associated with GG VDR, the G allele. Carriers of the AA VDR genotype and the A allele are resistant to the development of osteoporosis and osteosclerosis. In the group with a combined form of osteoporosis, the AG VDR genotype prevails. Limitations. There was a limit on the number of highly skilled workers in the aluminum industry who have been on inpatient treatment in the Research Institute of Complex Hygiene Problems and Occupational Diseases. Conclusion. We have revealed the association of BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene with the development of toxic fluoride osteopathy in various parts of the skeleton in the structure of occupational pathology of aluminum industry workers. The GG genotype at the L1-L4 vertebral level is associated with the development of osteoporosis. Researchers have identified a high a high degree of association of the AA genotype with resistance to osteosclerosis. Osteoporosis combined with articular syndrome is associated with the AG genotype, the G allele, which determines violations of the architectonics of long tubular bones. The owners of the A allele are resistant to osteoporosis, are distinguished by a higher bone component of the distal, axial skeleton. Ethics. Specialists have conducted the survey of aluminum industry workers at the Clinic of the Research Institute of Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases in accordance with the Ethical principles of conducting scientific and medical research with human participation ("Rules of Clinical Practice in the Russian Federation", Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 266, 2003, Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical Principles of Scientific medical Research with human participation", 2013). The study was conducted with the written consent of the subjects.
Introduction. The systemic violation of the body's homeostasis under the conditions of the negative impact of production factors scientists determine by the mismatch of neurohumoral mechanisms of regulation of metabolic processes. There are endocrinopathies. They occur with disorganization of the metabolism and violation of the thyroid gland's functional activity with disorganization of the metabolism, infringement of the thyroid gland's available action. The study aimed to learn the nature of endocrine dysfunction, histological changes of the thyroid gland associated with the dynamics of chronic fluoride intoxication of the body. Materials and methods. We analyzed the state of bone tissue and assessed the degree of articular syndrome during the large-scale structural reconstruction of the skeleton in aluminum production workers. The scientists examined the workers using double photon densitometry. The researchers studied the metabolic parameters based on a range of biochemical and instrumental methods. The experiment involved sexually mature male white laboratory rats with a bodyweight of up to 300 grams. We analyzed hormonal status disorders with an assessment of the degree of morphological changes in the thyroid gland. Results. The researchers analyzed the severity of disorders of individual endocrine mechanisms of homeostasis regulation and thyroid morph structure in hyperfluorosis. We treat fluorosis as a polyfunctional pathology. A high proportion of endocrinopathies is a clinical syndrome. It increases the pathological course of chronic fluoride intoxication in workers. We confirm the study with experimental data on metabolic disorders with a persistent toxic effect. We revealed hyperfunction of the thyroid gland against the background of a decrease in glucocorticoid activity, stable electrolyte, and mineral shifts. The researchers conducted an experiment on the late stages of fluoride intoxication. Conclusions. Clinical studies of individuals with chronic fluoride intoxication and concomitant endocrinopathy revealed a significant increase in the number of workers with abdominal obesity, musculoskeletal disorders, mineral metabolism disorders. Also, with deforming osteoarthritis of the joints, osteoalgia against the background of thyroid insufficiency. Experimental data confirm this. The fluorine accumulation in the body causes multidirectional disorders of the hormonal mechanisms of regulation of metabolic processes, alternation of hypo- and hyperfunction changes in the thyroid gland associated with fluoride duration intoxication.
Introduction. Aluminium production is characterized by the accumulation of impurities of various toxic and chemical compositions in the air of working areas, the predominant among which are fluoride compounds. The accumulation of fluorides in the body causes the development of osteoarticular and associated systemic pathology. The aim of the study was to evaluate the hygienic and medico-biological features of toxic liver damage in the conditions of chronic fluoride intoxication of the body. Material and methods. The hygienic working conditions of the workers of the primary professions in aluminium production were evaluated. The analysis of hepatobiliary dysfunction based on clinical and instrumental methods was carried out in 263 subjects with fluoride intoxication and a comparison group of 116 persons. Experimental studies of the morpho-functional liver state in modelling chronic fluoride intoxication were carried out based on toxicological, biochemical, pathomorphological methods with histological analysis of tissues. The toxic properties of sodium fluoride were studied in 117 white laboratory male rats with its peroral route intake into the body. Results. The qualitative composition of the air in the working areas in the electrolysis building was analyzed. The prevalence of pathological disorders of the biliary tract in metallurgists engaged in aluminium production was assessed. Clinical studies revealed a significant prevalence of toxic fluoride hepatopathy, fatty hepatosis, cholecystitis and other disorders in the group of patients with chronic fluoride intoxication. The harmful effect of sodium fluoride on hepatocytes, vessels of the portal tract was shown in an experiment. Hyperfunction of the reticuloendothelial system, Kupffer cell proliferation, irreversible destruction of hepatocytes, necrosis against the background of severe dystrophy, and decreased synthetic activity of the liver were determined. Conclusion. The structure of occupational diseases in the workers engaged in the aluminium production is dominated by hepatobiliary pathology caused by toxic liver damage with fluoride confirmed by experimental data on destructive violations of its morphostructure.
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