At present day, silver nanoparticles are widely used in different fields of human activity. Due to the unique combination of physical and chemical properties, silver nanoparticles have high reactivity and antibacterial activity against microorganisms. For the same reason, silver nanoparticles can render a cytotoxic effect on eukaryotic cells. The usage of different polymeric compounds as stabilizers can allow reducing of it and saving antibacterial activity. With this regard, the examination of new nanoparticles' stabilizers is a vital task. In addition, for the safe usage of silver nanoparticles it is necessary to estimate some of their physical properties and cytotoxicity. Here we evaluated the shape, size, UV-visible absorption, fluorescence, z-potential and cytotoxicity of single silver nanoparticles and nanoparticles, stabilized by polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium oleate and agarose. We found that nanoparticles stabilized by all investigated polymeric compounds with the exception of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium oleate did not possess significant cytotoxic effect on the test cell culture.
One of the current modern scientific directions is the research and introduction of products obtained using nanotechnologies into various spheres of human activity. Among the variety of nanostructures, metal nanoparticles are found to be the most widely used, which, due to the uniqueness of their properties and small size, are considered as the most promising agents in the composition of bactericidal agents. They are used as specific carriers of drugs and as components in the composition of antibacterial agents. In addition, it has been proven that the bacteriolytic and bacteriostatic properties of some metals are greatly enhanced with decreasing size. Nanoparticles of various metals, among which silver nanoparticles are the most widely used, can be used independently; however, their high ability to aggregate requires the choice of stabilizers, which usually use natural and synthetic polymers. However, their use is limited due to the high toxicity of metallic nanoparticles. Therefore, the search for the safest options for metal nanoparticles is relevant. This article presents data on the toxicity study of prototypes of silver nanoparticles stabilized by synthetic and natural polymers on biological test objects.
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