Background: The simplest and most convenient food technology is the using of dry composite mixtures. They have a lot of advantages. Dry composite mixtures, which would completely be the basis for the production of personalized food concentrates, are not represented. The development of such dry composite mixtures is actual and of scientific and practical interest. The purpose of this research is the selection and justification of local import-substituting raw materials components for dry composite mixtures used as the basis for the production of food concentrates. As the objects of research, the raw materials components of the starch, fruit and vegetable, industry were selected. The work uses currently accepted standard research methods for organoleptic and physic-chemical parameters of raw materials components. The research was carried out within of the project "Theoretical Substantiation of Production Technology and the Development of Import-Substituting Food Products of Functional Purpose Based on Dry Composite Mixtures", funded by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research. Based on the researches, it was found out that in the composition of dry composite mixtures for the production of food concentrates it is expedient to use the following raw materials: potato starch, extruded corn starch, dried carrots, dried beets, dried topinambur and dried apples in chopped form.
Innovations in the agro-industrial sector are determined by the development of biotechnologies from the stage of growing raw materials to their processing and storage. In compliance with the phytosanitary requirements (including the use of radiation technologies) for grain, the issues of ensuring the preservation of dry composite mixtures are determined by the storage conditions and the use of bitechnological techniques for prolonging the shelf life when adding phytosources with antimicrobial action to them. The addition of nettle, Echinacea purpurea, sage and oak bark to mixtures consisting of 87.5% rye seed and extrusion flour and wheat flour of the first grade in an amount of 0.1% of the prescription composition made it possible to ensure compliance of such organoleptic indicators as color, whiteness and smell with the requirements of regulatory documents and to reduce microbiological contamination, as the most important factor in extending the shelf life, by 1.2-2.0 times up to 7-12 months. compared to the control samples. Echinacea purpurea has the greatest fungicidal effect, followed in descending order by sage, oak bark and nettle. The results obtained are of practical significance for the application of gentle biotechnologies in the production of dry composite mixtures.
The influence of the new flour nutrient substrates with the introduction of phyto raw materials on the viability and activity of lactic acid bacteria cultured in liquid acid-forming ferments, which are used for making bread from rye flour and mixture of rye and wheat flour, are established. It was established that the phyto raw materials leads to the stimulation of lactic acid bacteria. The highest stimulating ability is Echinaceae purpurea herba, and then Salviae Folia, Artemisia absinthium herba and Cortex Quercus. Practical applicationsPhyto raw materials as a component of flour nutrient substrates improves microbiological characteristics of liquid acid-forming ferments, in particular increases the total number of lactic acid bacteria and increases their activity. New conditions contribute to the accumulation of flavoring and aromatic substances that produce these microorganisms. This improves biotechnological properties of liquid acid-forming ferments, and thus will lead to increasing of consumer properties of bread from rye flour and mixture of rye and wheat flour.
The need to develop the technology of liquid acid-forming ferments using bacterial concentrates for the production of national types of bread in discrete mode was shown. The choice of bacterial concentrates was based on the optimal pH (4.5 – 5.5) and temperature (30ºC – 40ºC) of flour nutrient substrates, which are necessary to ensure the directed cultivation of microorganisms in the technology of liquid acid-forming ferments. The choice of bacterial concentrates was based on the maximum acidity that microorganisms could provide after two days of cultivation and which should be in the range of 100 to 180 degrees of Turner. The use of Belarusian bacterial concentrates on the basis of the comparative characteristics was proposed. Flour nutrient substrates for the cultivation of microorganisms from bacterial substrates have been proposed. They contained traditional components (rye flour, rye malt) and components for stimulation of activity of microorganisms from bacterial concentrates (dairy whey in liquid form, Echinaceae purpurea herba). The choice of the ratio between the components was based on the peculiarities of the technology of production of national types of bread and the possibility of providing microorganisms from bacterial concentrates with the necessary nutrients. Microorganisms of bacterial concentrate "IM-pro 1" (a consortium of dried lactic acid bacteriums and bifidobacteriums) using the proposed flour nutrient substrates during cultivation had the best activity for a shorter period of cultivation. This made it possible to propose the use of this bacterial concentrate as a source of microorganisms in liquid acid-forming ferments for national types of bread and to ensure the preparation in one stage.
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