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The competency-based approach in higher education is considered, and in particular, scientific views on the competencies of an engineer for the food industry are studied. A comparative analysis was carried out in order to identify the key competencies necessary for a modern specialist to successfully realize its creative potential in a market economy, information society and innovative technologies. A developed competency-based model for training an engineer in the food industry is proposed. The object of research is the competency-based approach in the preparation of a food process engineer. Investigated problem is that engineering education should not only prepare a specialist endowed with knowledge and skills. It should be aimed at creating a competitive specialist and a successful personality. At present, in Ukraine, the food industry does not have a competency system that is common for employers, specialists, and higher education institutions. This study aims to create such a framework in the form of a competence model of an engineer for the food industry. Main scientific results: the necessary components of the competent model of a modern engineer for the food industry were identified. The essence of the competency-based approach to the professional training of an engineer in the context of modernization of education is revealed. The modern scientific view of the requirements for food engineers is analyzed. The results obtained are adapted to the needs prevailing in the food industry and the field of public catering. Field of practical use of research results: a comparative analysis allows to systematize scientific views on the desired competencies of scientists, researchers and engineers in the food industry. Which, in turn, will help to better inform students about the sought-after qualities and make a decision on revising the curriculum in the future. Innovative technological product: developed competency-based model of an engineer for the food industry. Scope of the innovative technological product: application of the competency-based approach in higher education using the proposed competency-based model of an engineer for the food industry.
This paper relies on the ideas that underpin the scholarly school of developing pedagogical systems to assess the degree to which instructors are prepared to manage the development of the school they teach at. The authors propose a structural/functional model for instructor preparedness to be the subject of innovation activity, provide a relevant methodology for it, and describe the content and findings of their empirical substantiation of it. The study identifies instructor groups with a high, medium, and low degree of preparedness to manage innovation activity in a school and establishes statistically significant differences between them in terms of the degree to which the motivational, cognitive, technological, and organizational components of preparedness have been formed. The authors come up with a proof that the instructor's preparedness to be the subject of innovation activity depends on the degree of his/her preparedness to fulfill particular duties in managing this activity. The paper identifies specific factors behind the differences between instructors in this characteristic and determines the degree of their impact. The authors establish a close link between the instructor's preparedness to be the subject of innovation activity and his/her actual participation in resolving objectives in managing the school's development. The use of the authors' methodology for assessing instructors' preparedness to manage innovation activity in a school could help determine specific factors affecting it and develop individual trajectories of increase in their innovation competence, as well as facilitate their productive involvement in the process of working out the school development program.
The article presents the theoretical foundations and results of an experimental study of the peculiarities of the professional consciousness of teachers (future and already working), expressed in their ideas (including mythologized ones) about teaching, the teacher and students as its subjects, and in many respects determining the effectiveness their professional activities. The dynamics and continuity of such ideas at different stages of the professional path are revealed. The purpose of the study – the study of the professional consciousness of teachers, including its mythological component. The purpose of the article is to present the results of psychologic-based methods and methods of research of mythologized ideas of future and practicing teachers as part of their professional consciousness. The theoretical foundations of the study are psycholinguistic theories, revealing the peculiarities of speech production at the textual and pretext levels; psychological theories and empirical studies of the mythological component of the personality consciousness; studies of the teacher’s professional consciousness; the main provisions of pedagogical mythological studies. The results of the empirical research have shown that in the professional consciousness of both practicing teachers and future teachers there are mythologized ideas about the pedagogical reality (about yourself, the profession, students, the pedagogical process, parents, etc.). However, the content (set) and the degree of prevalence of such ideas among students and practicing teachers are different. More similarities are observed among graduate students and practicing teachers: they are characterized by the idealization of the teacher’s image (“A good teacher hides his real feelings from schoolchildren”, “A good teacher answers any question”), an exaggeration of the significance of the methodology (“omnipotent”). Mythological constructs of first-year students and practicing teachers differ significantly: first-year students are characterized by negative perceptions of the profession (“Teacher’s work is continuous hassle, martyrdom”), students (“Modern children don’t want to learn”), practically not occurring in practicing educators and much less common in graduate students. The results obtained allow us to understand how scientific and pedagogical knowledge is comprehended by a teacher, why certain scientific theories do not find practical application, what else, in addition to scientific knowledge, is the teacher guided, designing pedagogical interaction, why he chooses certain strategies of pedagogical education? whether strategies based on extra-scientific knowledge or on a complex of scientific and extra-scientific knowledge can be effective, how and why attitudes to future pedagogical reality, beginners and Mature teachers, like the teacher himself or the teacher of a higher educational institution, mentor, or methodologist can strengthen the constructive and reduce the destructive influence of myths on the teacher’s professional consciousness.
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