We have studied the bonding states of BC2N thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition, one of the new layered BCN compounds. The chemical bonding states of boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms in the BC2N thin films were investigated by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to measure chemical shifts of 1s electrons, being compared with those in graphite and hexagonal (h-) BN. The results exhibited that the thin films had significant B–C and C–N bonds and were clearly different from graphite and h-BN, indicating that an atomic-level hybrid of the three elements was synthesized.
In this study, a 5.9-inch foldable Book-Type AMOLED display was developed. A folding test was performed repeatedly. The display survived the folding test (100,000 folds) with a curvature radius of 2 mm.
Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) are thought to play critical roles in cartilage degradation at the early phase of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study is to examine the effect of chemically modified Mmp13 or Adamts5 small interfering RNA (siRNA), alone or in combination, in a mouse OA model. OA pathology was surgically induced in 9-week-old male C57/BL6 mice (n = 64) via destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). We used chemically modified siRNA (Accell siRNAs®) for Mmp13 and Adamts5, as well as a non-targeting control and evaluated their combined and individual effects after injection in the DMM model. The control group (n = 16) was injected with non-targeting siRNA and the normal group (n = 16) did not undergo any surgical induction or intra-articular injection. Histological assessment of the articular cartilage was conducted at 4 and 8 weeks post-DMM surgery to evaluate OA progression. Significant improvement in the histological score was observed at 8 weeks after DMM in all three siRNA-treated groups compared to the control siRNA-injected group. The score of the combined group was significantly lower than that of the Adamts5 siRNA-only group. No significant differences were noted between the Mmp13 siRNA-only group and the combined group. Combined intra-articular injection of Mmp13 and Adamts5 siRNA resulted in almost the same inhibitory effects as Mmp13 siRNA alone on cartilage degradation at the early phase of OA.
-In this study, a 5.9-inch foldable active-matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display was developed. A folding test was performed repeatedly. The display survived the folding test (100,000 folds) with a curvature radius of 2 mm. To protect an organic light emitting diode (OLED) against moisture, inorganic passivation layers are provided on the upper and lower sides of the flexible display. Using our transfer technology, high density passivation layers can be obtained. The measured water vapor transmission rate of the layer is 7 × 10 À6 g/m 2 Áday or less, which improves OLED reliability.With these techniques, we have developed a book-type display, which is repeatedly foldable like a book, and a tri-fold display including a display area, which is foldable in three.
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