Cerebral infarction in young people is considered a rare event. There are many potential etiologies capable of causing a cerebral infarction in this age group. Three hundred consecutive patients younger than 40 years with cerebral infarction were extensively evaluated. One hundred and sixty-two women were included in this study, most under 30 years. The most frequently encountered risk factors were tobacco and alcohol use, and rheumatic valvular heart disease. Etiologies for cerebral infarction in the order of frequency were: cryptogenic 32%, nonatherosclerotic vasculopathy 27%, cardioembolism 24%, hematological disturbance 10% (including 11 patients with deficiency of natural anticoagulant proteins), premature atherosclerosis 3% and migraine 3%. Our paper demonstrates that atherosclerosis is an uncommon cause of cerebral infarction in patients under 40 years. The principal etiologies were rheumatic valve disease, arterial dissections and prothrombotic states.
Introduction: Any type of nutritional imbalance experienced during childhood will affect the health of an individual, both in their childhood and their adulthood. Several studies have proved that there is an association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and endocrine and lipid markers at early stages of life. Objective: To establish the relationship between nutritional status (IGF-1 and serum levels of its binding proteins IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3), and CVD risk markers in students aged 7 to 9 years. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in 84 children attending two schools from Bogotá D.C. and Soacha, Colombia, to identify the relationship between possible variations in CVD risk markers and nutritional status. Sexual development stage, lipid profile, anthropometric data, blood sugar levels and IGF-1 and IGFBP serum levels of all participants were measured. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Pearson's correlation coefficient, the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Kruskall-Wallis, Games-Howell and Dunnett's tests. The confidence interval and statistical significance were 95% and p<0.05, respectively. Results: IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 levels proportionally decreased as weight increased. An inverse correlation between both proteins and triglyceride levels was found, as well as a direct correlation with HDL cholesterol levels. Conclusions: Alterations in CVD risk markers can be identified during childhood. If said alterations are timely detected, it is possible to adopt preventive and therapeutic actions such as the promotion of public policies aimed at preventing childhood overweight and obesity, which in turn will reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in adulthood.Introducción. Los desequilibrios nutricionales en la infancia afectan la salud tanto en la niñez como en la adultez. Estudios previos demuestran la asociación de marcadores endocrinos y lipídicos con riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) desde edades tempranas. Objetivo. Establecer la relación entre estado nutricional (niveles séricos de IGF-1 y sus proteínas enlazantes IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 e IGFBP-3) y marcadores de RCV en estudiantes de 7 a 9 años. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional comparativo transversal realizado en 84 niños de 2 colegios de Bogotá D.C. y Soacha, Colombia, para identificar la relación entre posibles variaciones de marcadores de RCV y estado nutricional. Se midieron los niveles de glucemia y niveles séricos de IGF-1 e IGFBP, el nivel de desarrollo sexual, el perfil lipídico y los valores antropométricos. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y las pruebas de Kruskal Wallis, Games-Howell y Dunnett. El intervalo de confianza fue del 95% y la significancia estadística, de p<0.05. Resultados. La reducción en los niveles de IGFB-1 e IGFBP-2 fue directamente proporcional al aumento de peso. Por otra parte, se observó una correlación inversa entre ambas proteínas y concentraciones de triglicéridos, y un...
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