-(The tree-shrub vegetation in rocky outcrop cerrado areas in Goiás State, Brazil). We describe the floristic composition of the tree-shrub vegetation in 10 areas of rocky outcrop cerrado in Goiás State, Brazil. Ten 20 × 50 m plots (totaling 1 ha) were established and all of the individuals with diameters at 30 cm above soil level (DB 30 ) ≥ 5 cm were included in the sampling. Comparative analyses of the flora were realized using similarity indices (Sørensen and Czekanowski), classification analysis (TWINSPAN), and the Mantel test. A total of 13,041 tree-shrub individuals were sampled, distributed among 219 species, 129 genera and 55 families. Fabaceae was the most well-represented family, followed by Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae, Vochysiaceae, Malphigiaceae, and Rubiaceae. Fully 42.3% of the comparisons evaluated by the Sørensen index were > 0.50, while all the values were < 0.50 for the Czekanowski index, with the exception of Jaraguá and Mara Rosa areas. The TWINSPAN classification generated four divisions and, in general, only the differences in the size of the population were responsible for the groupings. The Mantel test indicated that there was no relationship between floristic similarity and the distances between the areas (r = 0.32, P = 0.05). It therefore appears that the areas of rocky outcrop cerrado in Goiás State are relatively floristically homogeneous and that they are principally distinguished by the differences in the sizes of the populations of their dominant species, and the presence of exclusive species in certain areas.
O presente trabalho objetiva apresentar as experiências vividas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, campus Barra do Garças, no ano de 2019 e 2020 no âmbito da Agroecologia. As práticas aqui apresentadas tiveram como meta prioritária contrapor os modelos de agricultura convencional, para construção de novos paradigmas que visam a preservação do meio ambiente e valorizem o ser humano. Portanto, serão apresentados os projetos desenvolvidos: Horta Agroflorestal Sucessional, Projeto Compostar, Criação de peixes em caixas d'água, I e II Campeonatos de Coleta de Sementes Muvuquinha do Cerrado e Avicultura sustentável para produção de ovos semi-caipira. Os projetos tiveram cunho de pesquisa, ensino e extensão e trazem em sua estrutura a importância e funcionalidade da agrofloresta, que se relaciona com a biodiversidade, com a ciclagem de nutrientes, e com a criação de animais. As ações colaboraram no movimento da agroecologia, em um processo de construção coletiva de conhecimento.
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo descrever a composição florística e estrutura da vegetação arbustivo-arbórea em área de Cerrado sentido restrito, no Parque Estadual da Serra de Jaraguá, Goiás e comparar os parâmetros florísticos e estruturais com de outras comunidades savânicas do Cerrado. Foram inventariadas dez parcelas de 20 x 50 m e registrados todos os indivíduos com diâmetro a 30 cm do solo - Db30 cm ≥ 5 cm. Foram amostrados 1.913 ind.ha-1, perfazendo área basal de 13,42 m2.ha-1. Os valores de riqueza (63 espécies) e do índice de diversidade de Shannon (H’ = 3,41) encontrados estão na faixa de variação registrada em outros estudos realizados no Brasil Central e refletem alta diversidade alfa na área estudada. A densidade de indivíduos e a área basal total foram elevadas quando comparadas àquelas de outros estudos em formações savânicas do Cerrado. Os resultados indicaram efeito pouco evidente dos diferentes substratos sobre a riqueza, a densidade e a área basal das comunidades. A densidade e a estrutura da vegetação da comunidade estudada e das demais comunidades comparadas foram geralmente determinadas por um pequeno número de espécies, enquanto a maioria das espécies apresentou baixas abundâncias e pequena importância estrutural em escala local.
New records of Tibouchina papyrus for Mato Grosso State extend its distribution in the northern part of the Brazilian Savanna, contributing to the conservation of this species and the areas in which it occur.
Local environmental conditions influence the occurrence and abundance of populations, and therefore, the contribution of the same species to the ecological structure and processes of communities can vary in different environments. We investigated the influence of the substrate on the intraspecific population structure of four shrub‐tree species from the Brazilian savanna (Aspidosperma tomentosum, Byrsonima pachyphylla, Davilla elliptica, and Ouratea hexasperma) that occur in adjacent areas, but under different environmental conditions: in shallow soils with rocky outcrops and steep relief in Rupestrian Savanna, and in deep soils and flat relief in Typical savanna. We hypothesized that the relief and physical–chemical conditions of the soil in the Rupestrian Savanna limit the establishment and development of species regarding the abundance of individuals and the horizontal and vertical structure of populations. We found that in the Rupestrian Savanna, the soil has higher levels of total cation exchange capacity and phosphorus, while in Typical Savanna, it is associated with higher pH, base saturation, and clay levels. We show that intraspecific variations do not differ between the two environments in number of individuals, average values of trunk diameter, and total plant height. We observed that the same species contributes in different ways to the structuring of communities in both environments. Our hypothesis was rejected because the population structure was not molded by the substrate type. We conclude that the shrub‐tree species seem to find adaptive alternatives to colonize the different types of substrates, for example, establishing in less stressful microhabitats on the rocky environments.
______________________________________________________________________ Dr a . Iona'i Ossami de Moura (Ministério do Meio Ambiente -MMA) (Membro Titular Externo)
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