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Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may be used as indicators of inflammatory markers and disease activity due to inflammatory changes in neutrophils, platelets and lymphocytes. Our aim is to investigate the relationship between NLR, PLR ratio and disease activity in RA patients treated with rituximab.Methods: Thirty-eight patients (8 male, 30 female, mean age 56.8 ± 11.8 years) diagnosed with RA and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Disease Activity Score of 28 jointserythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet counts, ESR, C-reactive protein (CRP), PLR, and NLR were evaluated before and after rituximab in RA patients. The relationship between all parameters was assessed by Pearson's correlation, Wilcoxon signed-rank, Mann-Whitney U and paired t tests. Results:The levels of CRP, ESR, and DAS28-ESR decreased significantly at 6 months of rituximab treatment compared to pre-treatment. NLR and PLR ratios were higher in patients with RA than the control group. The median levels were 33.5 mm/hour, 5.7 mg/dL, and 3.7 respectively after 6 months of rituximab treatment. And, the levels were lower than baseline treatment. There was a significant correlation between the levels of DAS28-ESR and NLR, DAS28-ESR and PLR before and after treatment. Conclusions:The NLR and PLR were higher than healthy controls and correlated with DAS28-ESR in patients with RA. These parameters which are indicative of disease activity decrease with rituximab and correlate with disease activity at 6 months. The NLR and PLR may be useful indices to evaluate RA disease activity treated with rituximab.

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In our study, we thought that the higher incidence of different rheumatic diseases in different blood types was associated with different genetic predisposition.

Objective: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), endothelial dysfunction caused by the inflammatory process increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) leads to vascular dysfunction, whereas atherosclerosis and increased ADMA is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Flow-mediated Dilation (FMD) is a radiological method to demonstrate endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, we assessed the availability of ADMA as a marker for endothelial dysfunction in RA patients. ADMA can be used as a simple and cheaper method for the determination of endothelial dysfunction. Material and Methods:Forty patients (1 male, 39 female) diagnosed with RA according to the classification criteria and 29 healthy volunteers (2 males, 27 females) were included in this study. ADMA was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's correlation tests were used for analytical analysis, and p<0.05 was considered as the level of statistical significance.Results: In our study, ADMA levels were significantly higher in RA patients. The ADMA level was inversely correlated with FMD.

Objectives:This study aims to evaluate the serum tumor-associated antigen (TAA) levels and the possible association between these markers and interstitial lung disease (ILD) or malignancy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Patients and methods:The study included 83 RA patients (20 males, 63 females; mean age 59.3±12.1 years; range 25 to 83 years), 43 with ILD (13 males, 30 females; mean age 60.1±11.5 years; range 25 to 83 years) and 40 without ILD (7 males, 33 females; mean age 58.5±12.7 years; range 28 to 78 years). Clinical symptoms, pulmonary function test, chest X-ray, and high-resolution computed tomography were used for the diagnosis of ILD. Age, sex, history of smoking, acute-phase reactants, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA) 15-3, CA 125, and CA 19-9 were evaluated. The relationship between parameters in RA patients with/without ILD was assessed by t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.

TsT, Quantiferon-Tb Gold test and T-spoT.Tb test for detecting latent tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic disease prior to anti-Tnf therapy Introduction: Before starting tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α blocking agents, standard tests should be used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection. The specificity of traditional tuberculin skin test (TST) is low in immunosuppressed patients due to prior Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccination, non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections, false positive and negative results. In this study, we aimed to compare TST and Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) tests for detecting latent tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic disease planned to receive TNF-α blocking agents. Materials and Methods: One hundred and nine patients (45 male, 64 female) with the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n= 70) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (n= 39) were included in the study. Age, sex, number of BCG scar, results of TST (using the Mantoux method), QuantiFERON-TB Gold test and T-SPOT.TB test were recorded for all patients. Correlation between the tests was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient. results: The mean age of RA and AS patients were 50 ± 13 (19-78 years). The prevalence of latent tuberculosis was 43.1% for TST, 39.4% for QuantiFERON-TB Gold test and 13.8% for T-SPOT.TB test, compared with the evaluation using the composite criteria such as close contact with active tuberculosis infection and/or suspicious fibrotic/calcific lesions on chest X-Ray without active tuberculosis infection. There was a moderate correlation between BCG scar number and TST (p< 0.001, r= 0.495

Behçet's (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disease with histological evidence for vasculitis. Leucocyte-leucocyte and leucocyte-endothelial cell interactions are critical in inflammatory reactions that are influenced by the expression, activation and shedding of adhesion molecules. We investigated the expression of some adhesion molecules (E- and L-selectin, VLA-4, ICAM-1, PECAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD18 and CD11c chains of beta-2 integrins) on endothelial and inflammatory cells by immunohistochemistry on cryostat sections of erythema nodosum lesions taken from 15 patients with BD and 12 patients with erythema nodosum of unknown cause. Hematoxylin-eosin stained sections of all specimens were also assessed. The major histopathological findings were perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration and secondary vasculitic changes with no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the frequency of thrombophlebitis was higher in BD (P < 0.001). Endothelial and inflammatory cell adhesion molecule expression did not show any significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). Although VCAM-1 expression and intensity on endothelial cells of BD patients seemed to be lower, this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.056). We concluded that subcutaneous thrombophlebitis is an important feature of erythema nodosum like lesions in BD, which is almost impossible to understand by physical examination alone. Colchicine, which is known to have some influence on adhesion molecules, might have affected our results, as these showed no significant difference regarding adhesion molecules between the two groups.