Background: Food insecurity leads to disturbed eating patterns, hunger or poor nutrition and is strongly correlated with poor mental health. Aims: To determine the impact of household food insecurity on maternal mental health in a rural population in Egypt. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Qulubba Village in Minia Governorate. We interviewed 497 mothers with at least one child, using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and Hopkins Symptom Check List-25. Results: Nearly 70% of women resided in food-insecure households. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were significantly more common among food-insecure mothers. By logistic regression analysis, household food insecurity, socioeconomic status, husband working abroad and number of children were significant predictors of maternal distress. Mothers with severe food insecurity were approximately 13 times more likely to experience mental distress than were food secure-mothers. Conclusions: Household food insecurity was associated with an increased likelihood of poor maternal mental health. The study highlights the need for policies to decrease poverty and programmes for screening and addressing food insecurity. Integrating mental health into programmes addressing food insecurity and providing counselling are recommended.
Background: Nowadays youth especially within secondary schools are exposed to different stressors in addition to academic stress causing psychological problems. Mental health and wellbeing have recently received public health attention especially among adolescents. Selfesteem and self-efficacy are main two components of the evaluative part of self-concept that contribute to mental well-being and psychosocial competence. This study aims to investigate whether self-esteem and self-efficacy serve as significant predictors of total difficulty score among Minia City secondary school students. Methods: A cross sectional design was conducted for the study with participation of 298 students in two randomly chosen secondary schools in Minia city during academic year 2021/ 2022. The measures used were standardized Strength and difficulties questionnaire for emotional problems (SDQ), Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), General self-efficacy scale in addition to questions for student personal characteristics. Statistical analysis: conducted by SPSS version 22, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and linear regression models were used. Results: Students identified with low self-esteem constituted (27.5%) of total participants. Mean self-efficacy score was (28.75± 5.7). In univariate correlational analysis, Significant correlation was found between selfesteem, self-efficacy and total difficult score. In linear regression model, self-esteem, selfefficacy, gender, hours spent online, and perceived health issues strongly predicted emotional difficulties. Self-esteem was significant predictor for total difficulty in all models, with highest standardized coefficient B in model 3. Conclusion and recommendations: Higher prevalence of low self-esteem (among more than quarter of students) compared to previous studies was found in this study. A confirmed finding is that low self-esteem was the most significant contributor. School intervention programs should be put in consideration to enable these students to learn how to face life challenges, teach them skills to maximize confidence and capacity building regarding their resilience.
Background: University student populations are widely reported to engage in high rates of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviours, and unhealthy dietary habits. There is rising prevalence of overweight and obesity among university students. Aims of study: Assessment of body mass index among university students, detection of obesity and underweight prevalence among students and determining risk factors of obesity among university students. Methods: This study is a cross sectional study conducted for assessment of body mass index and obesity prevalence among university students among 714 students; (426 from Faculty of Medicine and 288 from faculty of Arts and social sciences) were included in the study, using a selfadministered questionnaire which include demographic characteristic sand measuring weight and height. BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by the square of height (m2). A digital scale was used for the measurements. Results: weight index of studied students was within the range of normal (24.12 ± 4.76). (59.5%) of students were normal weight, (27.6%) were overweight, (8.3%) were obese and only (4.6%) were underweight. Body mass index was significantly higher in urban and fourth grade students. University resident students were 1.58 times significantly more likely to have a higher BMI ≥ 25 than non-residents. Conclusions: as there are more than 35% of students have body mass index ≥35, so that, universities should consider the establishment of on-campus exercise facilities in attainable prices to encourage students to exercise especially because they spent a substantial part of their time in the university
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