This article reviews the distinguishing characteristics of the most common types of headache in patients over the age of 65 years old, along with potential diagnostic tests and treatment.

Introduction Little is published on the prognosis of small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Methods A retrospective analysis of 101 patients with biopsy proven SFN. Results Study participants included 87 patients with length‐dependent SFN and 14 patients with non–length‐dependent SFN. The average duration of symptoms was 3.2 years prior to SFN diagnosis, and the average follow‐up duration after diagnosis was 6.2 years. Neuropathic pain was present in 98% of patients and in 84.2% of patients at the final visit. The average total number of pain medications ever used was 4.4 per patient. Signs of autonomic dysfunction were initially present in 24.8% of patients, but improved in most. Large fiber involvement was seen in 11.9% of patients. Small fiber neuropathy affected employment and ambulation status in 5.3% and 6.3% of patients, respectively. Discussion Small fiber neuropathy tends to be stable and rarely affects ambulation and employment status. Effective pain control remains a challenge.

Intravascular T-cell lymphomas are rare, poorly characterized lesions. We discuss the clinical, radiologic and especially the laboratory characteristics of a lesion which presented in a 62-year-old woman with a history of progressive CNS abnormalities. Throughout the course of the disease, radiologic findings consisted mainly of multifocal mixed areas of ischemia and vasogenic edema involving cortical and subcortical regions. A brain biopsy identified an abnormal T-cell population confined to lumens of vessels. These T-cells were abnormal cytotoxic cells, positive for CD3, CD8, and negative for CD2, CD4, CD5, CD7 and CD30. While flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry failed to identify a similar population in the blood or bone marrow, molecular studies showed a clonal T-cell population in both the brain and the bone marrow. No other organs were involved. In spite of aggressive treatment, the patient's medical condition continued to progress and she passed away. In conclusion, this abnormal population of cytotoxic T-cells with intravascular localization probably represents a specific type of T-cell lymphoma with specific clinical, radiologic, molecular and immunophenotypic characteristics.