Accurate CO 2 solubility data are crucial for putting a proposal of pressurized liquefied natural gas (PLNG) project into practice. A solid−liquid equilibrium (SLE) apparatus, which is based on the static−analytic method, has been set up to measure the solubility of carbon dioxide in saturated liquid CH 4 /CH 4 + N 2 /CH 4 + C 2 H 6 in the pressure region from atmospheric up to 3 MPa, corresponding to the temperature region from (112 to 170) K. In addition, Peng− Robinson (PR) and Suave−Redlich−Kwong (SRK) equationsof-state (EOS) are selected to calculate the solubility of carbon dioxide in CH 4 + N 2 and CH 4 + C 2 H 6 mixtures, and the results are consistent with the experimental data in the whole region. Two temperature-dependent correlations for the interaction coefficients k ij on CH 4 + CO 2 system are derived by the experimental data for PR and SRK EOS, which can improve the calculation accuracy of the binary and ternary solid−liquid phase equilibrium.
Coalbed methane (CBM) is an atypical natural gas that may contain a large amount of nitrogen in addition to methane. When liquefying such CH 4 /N 2 mixtures, knowledge of solid solubility is very important and, in particular, CO 2 solubility data are essential for determining the CO 2 purification index. Although experimental data for CO 2 solubility in pure methane are available for various conditions, such experimental data for CH 4 /N 2 mixtures are rare. In this paper, a solid−liquid equilibrium experimental apparatus using a static-analytic method is described. Data for CO 2 solubility in pure liquid methane were obtained and their accuracy was verified by comparison with published values. Solubility of CO 2 in CH 4 /N 2 mixtures with nitrogen molar fractions of 10, 30, 50, and 70% were then measured at cryogenic temperatures between −190 and −150 °C.
It is important to evaluate the solubility of solid carbon dioxide in liquefied natural gas for natural gas liquefaction at relatively high temperature. The regular solution method and the equations-of-state (EOS) are used to calculate the solubility of carbon dioxide in saturated liquid methane in this paper. The calculation results are compared with the experiment data, and it certifies that the EOS method can be recommended for this kind of solubility calculation. In addition, nitrogen and ethane are common components in natural gas. In this paper, PR EOS is selected to calculate the solubility of carbon dioxide in CH 4 +N 2 and CH 4 +C 2 H 6 mixtures. Results show that the solubility of carbon dioxide in liquid CH 4 +N 2 mixtures increases with the addition of nitrogen content in the relatively low temperature region (lower than 155K). With the temperature increases, the solubility of carbon dioxide decreases with the increase of nitrogen content. While in liquid CH 4 +C 2 H 6 mixtures, it increases with the increase of ethane content.
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing skin disease that has long-term adverse effects on the physical and mental health of children. Current treatments mainly include anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-allergic interventions, systemic therapy and recently emerging targeted agents. However, these treatments have limited effectiveness and bothersome side effects. The use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is associated with safety and improvements in the clinical symptoms and quality of life of AD patients. However, the poor quality and heterogeneity of studies have not led to sufficient conclusions. Therefore, we will conduct a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of Longmu Tang granule for the treatment of AD.Methods: This is a single-center, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. A total of 60 participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive Longmu Tang granule or placebo granule for 8 weeks. The primary outcome is the index of Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). The second outcomes include the children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) and the Number Cancel Test (NCT), and long-term efficacy. Mechanistic outcome is the serum level of inflammatory cytokines, including IgE, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).Discussion: The results of this trial will provide evidence on the efficacy and safety of Longmu Tang granule and prove anti-inflammation of Longmu Tang granule for patients with AD.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Chictr.org ID: ChiCTR2100041591. Registered on 1 January 2021. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=62586
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