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Due to its excellent lateral stiffness and space flexibility, the frame-core wall structures are widely applied in super high-rise buildings. Energy dissipation technology can be applied in tall buildings to reduce the seismic responses of main structures and realize optimal structural design for the main structure. As an effective energy dissipation device, viscous damper can generate damping force by viscosity effects of the viscous liquid. Due to its velocity-dependent nature, viscous dampers can be applied to dissipate seismic energy under different earthquake levels, even frequent earthquake with small seismic responses. The number of viscous dampers in certain project is commonly limited due to budget constraint, and it is always desirable that the viscous dampers are to be installed in those places which can maximize the energy dissipation during earthquake. Story drift was employed as an index for the optimal placement of viscous dampers in current tall building design practices in China. This study proposed to use grid shear velocity (GSV) as the index for the optimal placement of viscous dampers. The GSV is better than story drift in two aspects: one is that the GSV reflects the velocity-dependent nature of the viscous damper, the other is that the rigid body velocity component is excluded. An optimal viscous damper placement method was developed based on GSV in this study. A 10 floor frame structure and a super tall building located in high seismicity area were employed as examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed GSV method. The results show that the optimal viscous placements obtained by the proposed GSV method match well with the theoretically best placements which can maximize the energy dissipation. The proposed GSV method can be generally applied for the optimal placement of viscous dampers in super tall buildings.</p>
<p>The past decade has witnessed the great development of super tall buildings in China. On the one hand super tall buildings can occupy more people in limited habitable lands, but on the other large number of super tall buildings also consume huge resources and cause high carbon emission intensity. Viscous dampers can effectively improve the energy dissipation capacity of super tall building structures under earthquakes. The quantity of carbon emission in a super tall building can be reduced by the introduction of viscous dampers due to the two facts. One is that the material consumption of the main structures can be reduced by the reduction of earthquake action, and the other is that the seismic rehabilitation efforts can be less due to the alleviation of structural damage during earthquakes. This paper addresses the integrated optimal design of super tall building structures with viscous dampers aiming to minimize the embodied carbon consumed in the construction stage. This paper proposed an integrated optimal design method to minimize the embodied carbon of main structure with viscous dampers under the condition that the seismic performance of the main structure will remain the same level. A super tall building located in high seismicity area was applied in the last part of the paper to illustrate the proposed integrated embodied carbon optimal design method. Numerical analysis results show that the proposed method is reasonable and can effectively reduce the overall embodied carbon of super tall building structures.</p>
The seismic response of underground structures in nonlinear foundations was analyzed by using FLAC 3D software, and the effect of relative wavelength on the transverse strain transfer rate of structures is studied. The variation processes of the strain transfer rate can be divided into three distinct phases. In the first stage where the relative wavelength raises from 0.2 to 1.0, the strain transfer rate increases almost linearly with it; while in the second stage where the relative wavelength increases from1.0 to 2.0, the growth trend is slowing down. And the strain transfer rate almost keeps a constant value during the last phase, in which stage the uniform strain field of soil can be used to analyze the strain transfer rate. According to the influence of relative wavelength and relative stiffness on the strain transfer rate, the calculation formula of the strain transfer rate is summarized.
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