MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, which participate in diverse biological processes and may regulate tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA may contribute to diverse functional consequences, including cancer development, by altering miRNA expression. Numerous studies have shown the association between miR-196a2 rs11614913 SNPs and cancer risk; however, the results are generally debatable and inconclusive, mainly due to limited statistical power. We carried out a meta-analysis of 46 studies including 20,673 cases and 25,143 controls to assess the association between the miR-196a2 rs11614913 and cancer risk by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, we found a significant association between the rs11614913 (C > T) polymorphism and cancer susceptibility (recessive model, OR = 0.89, 95 % CI = 0.81-0.98). In the stratified analysis by cancer type, significant association of cancer risk was observed in lung cancer (allelic contrast, OR = 0.89, 95 % CI = 0.82-0.97; homozygote comparison, OR = 0.79, 95 % CI = 0.67-0.94; recessive model, OR = 0.84, 95 % CI = 0.74-0.96) and liver cancer (allelic contrast, OR = 0.88, 95 % CI = 0.79-0.99; homozygote comparison, OR = 0.77, 95 % CI = 0.61-0.98; heterozygote comparison, OR = 0.84, 95 % CI = 0.74-0.95; dominant model, OR = 0.82, 95 % CI = 0.73-0.92). During further stratified analysis by ethnicity, the rs11614913 polymorphism showed statistically significant association with increased risks of cancer in Asians (heterozygote model, OR = 1.15, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.30) but not in Caucasians. This meta-analysis suggests that the miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism may contribute to decreased susceptibility to cancer, especially including liver cancer and lung cancer. However, it may be a risk factor for cancer development in Asians. Larger, better studies of homogeneous cancer patients are needed to further assess the correlation between this polymorphism and cancer risk.
Objective:We conducted a case-control study to examine the role of XRCC1 codons 194 (Arg>Trp), 280 (Arg>His) and 399 (Arg>Gln) polymorphisms in the risk of prostate cancer.Methods:This study included 572 consecutive primary prostate cancer patients and 572 controls between January 2011 and January 2014. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to detect XRCC1 codons 194 (Arg>Trp), 280 (Arg>His) and 399 (Arg>Gln) polymorphisms.Results:Compared with the control subjects, the prostate cancer cases had a habit of cigarette smoking (χ2=18.13, P<0.001) and a family history of cancer (χ2=25.23, P<0.001). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects carrying Trp/Trp genotype were more likely to greatly increase the prostate cancer when compared with Arg/Arg genotype, and the adjusted OR was 2.04(1.24-3.41). We did not find significant association between XRCC1 194 (Arg>Trp) polymorphism and clinical stage and Gleason score of prostate cancer (P>0.05).Conclusion:Our results show an increased risk for prostate cancer in individuals with XRCC1 194 (Arg>Trp) polymorphism, and a significant interaction between XRCC1 194 (Arg>Trp) polymorphism and tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and family history of cancer.
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