a b s t r a c tBackground: Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) is a largely unrecognized subtype of

Objectives:1) To determine the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in the adult population of Lucknow district. 2) To study the determinants of ISH especially the relationship with age.Materials and Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected areas of Lucknow district. A total of 800 subjects, aged 20 years and above, 400 from urban and 400 from rural area of Lucknow district were included in the study. The statistical tools used for analysis were Pearson's Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.Results:The prevalence of ISH according to JNC-7 criteria was 4.3%, which was 5.1% in men and 3.6% in women. A significant increase in the prevalence of ISH was seen with an increase in age. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the determinants showed that age, BMI and smoking were significant independent risk factors of ISH.Conclusions:Given the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with ISH, the findings of this study emphasize the need for further research to document the impact of modifiable risk factors of ISH and the effect of hypertension screening and specific health promotion in bringing down the burden of ISH and related cardiovascular morbidity.

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is associated with various pathophysiological changes in the body including hematological system. This study was done to understand the hematological profile of severely malnourished children.Methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of pediatrics, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur from January 2014 to December 2015. 200 children, aged 6 months- 5years admitted to our hospital with SAM were enrolled as cases. 200 children with normal nutritional status without haematological or infectious conditions attending routine clinic were selected as controls. The hematological parameters were analyzed using an automated blood Analyzer.Results: 95% of the children with SAM had anemia, out of which 52% were severely anemic and 28% were moderately anemic. Mean value for hemoglobin was lower in test group (7.17±2.265gm/dl) as compared to control group (9.22±3.362gm/dl). Children with SAM had statistically significant lower mean values for red cell indices like RBC counts, MCV, MCH and MCHC compared to controls. The mean value of WBC in SAM children was 12.1±11.5×103, while it was 6.2± 7.8×103 in controls. The cases had higher mean value for neutrophils and lower mean value for lymphocytes.Conclusions: Children with SAM had lower mean hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell indices and higher mean value of total leukocyte and platelet counts. This study recommends that more frequent studies should be done to describe the trend of hematopoietic changes in children with SAM to enhance anticipatory care and outcome of the affected children.

Simple anthropometric measurements such as BMI and waist circumference can be used for screening people at increased risk of hypertension in order to refer them for more careful and early diagnostic evaluation. Policies and programs are required for primary and secondary prevention of hypertension.

Developing countries are now facing the double burden of childhood underweight and obesity. Childhood obesity is a recent epidemic with a high magnitude in India. Therefore, the authors decided to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Indian children. Studies were identified through computer-based and manual searches. Estimates of prevalence were studied using random effects meta-analysis. Nine studies including 92,862 subjects were identified and analysed. The prevalence of overweight was estimated to be 12.64% (95% CI 8.48-16.80%) and that of obesity to be 3.39% (95% CI 2.58-4.21%). Current evidence suggests that policies and interventions for children should prioritize reduction of obesity and overweight.

Chest wall retraction was found to be the most sensitive indicator, and cyanosis was the most specific indicator for hypoxemia. Of all the clinical signs and symptoms of hypoxemia, none had all the attributes of being a good predictor. A new hypoxemia score has been designed using a combination of clinical signs and symptoms to predict the need for supplemental oxygen therapy.

IntroductionIn India, there are approximately 41 million diabetics to date. Impaired glucose tolerance or pre-diabetes may occur as early as adolescence.ObjectiveTo find out the cut-off values of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to predict pre-diabetes in adolescents in north India.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 526 students aged 17–19 years, in the Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University, Kanpur. A pre-tested questionnaire was used and the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetic Association were applied. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis was used to assess the cut-offs of BMI and waist circumference for predicting prediabetes.ResultsROC analysis showed that BMI is a good predictor of prediabetes for both boys and girls.Area under the ROC curve was 0.828 for boys and 0.838 for girls, respectively. The cut-off values of BMI for predicting prediabetes were identified as ≥22.8 kg/m2 in boys and ≥20.5 kg/m2 in girls. Upon ROC analysis for waist circumference, it was observed that it was a good predictor of prediabetes both for boys (area under the curve 0.804) and girls (area under the curve 0.795). The cut-offs for waist circumference for predicting prediabetes were found to be ≥82.5 cm for boys and ≥80.3 cm for girls.ConclusionBMI and waist circumference estimation can be done for early detection of prediabetes in adolescents for further diagnostic evaluation and management.

Exclusion criteria was: not willing to participate Chronically ill with systemic involvement Predesigned semi structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on general socioeconomic profile, addiction, awareness regarding reproductive sexual health along with awareness on HIV/AIDS and also their health seeking behavior. The opportunity was used to impart them health education and refer appropriately. Anonymity of the respondent was assured.The data was compiled and analyzed using SPSS software for any statistical significance.Results: A total of 168 workers were recruited in the survey, with 68% females; 68% were married; 52% within 31-54 years; 56% had substance abuse of which 44% used gutka; 32% felt they were not reproductively healthy out of which only 58% sought medical help in-spite of being working in the medical college out of which only 20% went to indigenous college. 24% of those who sought help were non compliant with therapy. Spouses (52%) were key confidantes. Both among females (48%) and males (68%) complained of burning micturition.18% reported having never heard of HIV/AIDS and benefits of condoms against the disease were unknown to nearly 47%. Unmet need of contraception was nearly 43%. Education of self and spouse was seen to have a strong association with the RSH.Conclusion: Reproductive and Sexual Health is an identified taboo subject yet neglected in all sections of the society.The study shows dismal levels of awareness and health seeking behavior even in a cohort that works in close proximity with health providers. This hints that other sections might be even worse affected and in need of dire intervention. Counseling and screening of such workforce at regular intervals would be a good solution.