Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered a double-edged sword. The slightly elevated level of ROS helps in wound healing by inhibiting microbial infection. In contrast, excessive ROS levels in the wound site show deleterious effects on wound healing by extending the inflammation phase. Understanding the ROS-mediated molecular and biomolecular mechanisms and their effect on cellular homeostasis and inflammation thus substantially improves the possibility of exogenously augmenting and manipulating wound healing with the emerging antioxidant therapeutics. This review comprehensively delves into the relationship between ROS and critical phases of wound healing and the processes underpinning antioxidant therapies. The manuscript also discusses cutting-edge antioxidant therapeutics that act via ROS scavenging to enhance chronic wound healing.

Gliomas are the most prevailing intracranial tumors, which account for approximately 36% of the primary brain tumors of glial cells. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) possesses a higher degree of malignancy among different gliomas. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a protective shield of the brain against infections and toxic substances by preventing foreign molecules or unwanted cells from entering to brain parenchyma. Nano-carriers such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, etc., boost the brain permeability of various anticancer drugs or other drugs. The favourable properties like small size, better solubility, and modifiable surface of dendrimers have proven their wide applicability in the better management of GBM. However, in vitro and in vivo toxicities caused by dendrimers have been a major concern. The presence of multiple functionalities on the surface of dendrimers enables the grafting of targte ligand and/or therapeutic moieties. The surface engineering leads to the improvement of certain properties like targeting effiecieny, pharmackinetic profile, therapeutic effect, and toxicity reduction. This review will be focused on the role of different surface modified dendrimers in the effective management of GBM.

It is well known that the presence of a blood–brain barrier (BBB) makes drug delivery to the brain more challenging. There are various mechanistic routes through which therapeutic molecules travel and deliver the drug across the BBB. Among all the routes, the transcellular route is widely explored to deliver therapeutics. Advances in nanotechnology have encouraged scientists to develop novel formulations for brain drug delivery. In this article, we have broadly discussed the BBB as a limitation for brain drug delivery and ways to solve it using novel techniques such as nanomedicine, nose-to-brain drug delivery, and peptide as a drug delivery carrier. In addition, the article will help to understand the different factors governing the permeability of the BBB, as well as various formulation-related factors and the body clearance of the drug delivered into the brain.

Heterotopic pancreas, also known as ectopic or aberrant pancreas, is described as the deposits of normal pancreatic tissue "dropped" into the developing gastrointestinal system. Here we present an operated case of renal clear cell carcinoma, which on 6-month follow-up presented with eccentric mass in the gastric body suspicious for malignancy. Endoscopic biopsy was inconclusive and showed isometabolism on 18 F-FDG PET/CT. It was subsequently resected laparoscopically, and final histopathology revealed heterotopic pancreas.