Apesar de todos os avanços tecnológicos nas últimas décadas, os pacientes renais precisam adaptar-se às mudanças emocionais e comportamentais decorrentes da doença renal crônica e de seu tratamento. A presente investigação tem por objetivo identifi car o papel do tratamento de hemodiálise no dia a dia dos pacientes renais crônicos. Através da análise de entrevistas, encontraram-se sentimentos de ambivalência relacionados ao tratamento, sintomas depressivos e impotência, predominando o sentimento de dependência, conturbando as atividades diárias dos pacientes. Constata-se que alterações emocionais estão presentes, independentemente da etapa da doença, da idade e do sexo. Pode-se observar a infl uência do meio, a segurança e a estabilidade advindas da rede de apoio expressos pelos enfermos renais no que diz respeito à aceitação da doença e do tratamento; as características individuais próprias do processo de uma doença e de tratamento crônicos; e os sinais de revolta e aceitação encontrados nos enfermos, que se revelam necessários ao exercício adequado de adaptação e de adesão ao tratamento de hemodiálise.

Objective: This longitudinal study tested the effectiveness of a group intervention designed to facilitate posttraumatic growth (PTG).Methods: Sample consisted of 205 women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer who were either assigned to an intervention group (n = 58) or to a control group (n = 147). PTG, challenge to core beliefs, and rumination (intrusive and deliberate) were assessed at baseline (T1), at 6 months (T2), and at 12 months after baseline (T3). Results:Results from the Latent Growth Modeling suggested that participants from the intervention group have higher levels of PTG. The challenge to core beliefs and the intrusive rumination have a moderator role on PTG, since group intervention is also linked to the enhancement of both variables.Conclusions: Participation in the intervention group increase PTG. Challenge to core beliefs and intrusive rumination are improved by group intervention, which to a certain extent facilitate PTG. KEYWORDSbreast cancer, cancer, challenge to core beliefs, group intervention, oncology, posttraumatic growth, rumination 1 | BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, 1 and it is recognized as a stressful life event as it is considered a threat to one 0 s life and well-being. Several negative psychological reactions such as anxiety, depression, helplessness, hopelessness, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 2 may arise during the disease process.Despite the fact that these features have been well documented in the literature, a growing body of evidence suggests that adverse life circumstances such as cancer can also encourage positive outcomes. 3 The perceived positive changes resulting from personal coping efforts with traumatic events are described as PTG. 4,5 Research confirmed that women with a diagnosis of breast cancer reported personal growth in the aftermath of a life-threatening cancer experience. In addition, PTG has been consistently documented within 5 years of a breast cancer diagnosis. 3,6,7 In fact, it is the seismic nature and perceived stressfulness of the event that threat the individual 0 s core belief system, which in turn sets in motion the restructuring of one 0 s life. 8 Core beliefs are the "general set of beliefs a person has about the universe, how it works, and the individual 0 s place in it" 9(p16) . In the aftermath of a stressful event, core beliefs might be challenged, and the previous foundations of a person 0 s assumptive world become unstable, uncontrollable, and unpredictable. 9 In order to manage distress (also created by challenge to core beliefs) and reappraise the pretrauma cognitive schemas, the survivor initiates various cognitive mechanisms such as using coping strategies, seeking social support, and engaging in cognitive processing (intrusive and deliberate thinking), in an attempt to give meaning to the stressful experience. 10,11 Cognitive processing, and more specifically rumination, is a crucial process of the posttrauma individual adaptation. 12 Rumination encompasses 2 ...

Neste trabalho foram avaliados os preditores do índice de qualidade de vida nas suas duas dimensões - satisfação e importância - em pacientes renais crônicos em tratamento de hemodiálise. A comparação entre os critérios do índice demonstrou uma média significativamente mais elevada para a importância, bem como uma menor dispersão das respostas. A análise de regressão múltipla mostrou associação entre estressores e tratamento de hemodiálise. O apoio social, no que se refere ao tamanho da rede e ao nível de satisfação com o apoio percebido, relaciona-se ao índice de qualidade de vida nas dimensões satisfação e importância.

<p style="text-align: justify;">El presente artículo discute las principales características emocionales asociadas a la forma como los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica se enfrentan al tratamiento de hemodiálisis. El proceso de adaptación que se plantea, elemento importante en las emociones de las personas, involucra como protagonistas principales al paciente y sus maneras particulares de defensa ante la enfermedad, así como el apoyo de los recursos médicos hospitalarios, el equipo humano que le sostiene y la familia como aristas importantes para evitar problemas de aislamiento en el paciente. Del equilibrio de este proceso de adaptación, se previenen, como en toda enfermedad crónica, problemas subyacentes a la autoestima del paciente, la imagen corporal que construye y dificultades centradas a sus relaciones cotidianas.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Palabras clave: </strong>proceso de adaptación, enfermo renal crónico, emociones, nefrología.</p>

Intervenções cognitivo-comportamentais no câncer de mama: relato de uma experiência Cognitive-behavioral improve the quality of life patient, in order to minimize your emotional distress due to the disease and treatment, and difficulties of family order. From the service, it can say that there has been gradual improvement in symptomatology.

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Objective: Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) is a perceived positive change after a stressful situation. Studies describe different predictors of PTG. The purpose of this study was to (1) review the evidence that rumination and social support are predictors of PTG; (2) analyze the results of the screened studies. Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching for articles with quantitative or mixed methods that evaluated PTG using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, rumination and/or social support in women with breast cancer. Results: Were identified twelve articles that corresponded to the inclusion criteria. All of them reported some degree of PTG in their samples. Rumination was evaluated in three studies, social support was evaluated in ten, and both were considered to have a positive correlation with PTG. Conclusions: This review concludes that rumination and social support are predictors of PTG in women with breast cancer. These results contribute to the development of new interventions in mental health.[es] Ruminación y apoyo social como predictores del crecimiento postraumático en mujeres con cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática Resumen: Objetivo: el crecimiento postraumático (CPT) es un cambio positivo percibido después de una situación estresante. Los estudios describen diferentes predictores de CPT. El propósito de este estudio fue (1) revisar la evidencia de que la rumiación y el apoyo social son predictores del CPT;(2) analizar los resultados de los estudios seleccionados. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática mediante la búsqueda de artículos con métodos cuantitativos o mixtos que evaluaron CPT por médio del Inventario de Crecimiento Postraumático, rumiación y/o apoyo social en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Reesultados: Se identificaron doce artículos concernientes a los criterios de inclusión. Todos informaron algún grado de CPT en sus muestras. La rumiación se evaluó en tres estudios, el apoyo 1 Carolina Villanova Quiroga -Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul.

Aim:This study aimed to longitudinally analyze Quality of Life and its association with physical and psychosocial factors of patients with colorectal cancer. Method: Fifty-one outpatients undergoing treatment for colorectal cancer were elected for convenience and were evaluated twice during their treatment. Evaluations were performed for Quality of Life, as well as socio-demographic, diagnostic and therapeutic variables. Afterwards, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were performed, establishing the appropriate comparisons. Results:The results identified a characteristic profile with a relatively homogeneous distribution: 51% were men with an average age of 60.1 years old (SD = 9.3 years) at the baseline. In general, concerning psychosocial aspects, there was a higher Quality of Life than other studies with the same population, in addition to a significant improvement over time in all subscales of performance and symptoms. Furthermore, it was evidenced that the physical aspects considerably influenced the self-report of the Quality of Life. Conclusion:The recognition of the interferences that physical aspects pose to Quality of Life, should permeate the practices of teams involved in the care of these patients.Keywords: quality of life, colorectal cancer, chemotherapy ResumoObjetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar longitudinalmente a qualidade de vida e sua associação com fatores físicos e psicossociais, de pacientes com cancro colorretal. Método: Cinquenta e um pacientes externos submetidos a tratamento para cancro colorretal foram selecionados por conveniência e avaliados duas vezes durante o tratamento. As avaliações foram realizadas para Qualidade de Vida, bem como variáveis sociodemográficas, diagnósticas e terapêuticas. Posteriormente, foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais, estabelecendo as comparações apropriadas. Resultados: Os resultados identificaram um perfil característico com uma distribuição relativamente homogénea: 51% eram homens com idade média de 60.1 anos (DP = 9,3 anos) na amostra de base. Em geral, quanto aos aspetos psicossociais, foi apresentada maior Qualidade de Vida do que noutros estudos com a mesma população, para além de uma melhoria significativa ao longo do tempo em todas as subescalas de desempenho e sintomas. Além disso, constatou-se que os aspetos físicos influenciaram consideravelmente o autorrelato da Qualidade de Vida. Conclusão: O reconhecimento das interferências que aspetos físicos colocam sobre a Qualidade de Vida, deve permear as práticas das equipas envolvidas no cuidado desses pacientes. Palavras