SummaryBackground and objectives Oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) was provided to ESRD patients with hypoalbuminemia as part of Fresenius Medical Care Health Plan's (FMCHP) disease management. This study evaluated the association between FMCHP's ONS program and clinical outcomes. Results Among patients with indication for ONS, 276 received supplements and 194 did not. ONS use was associated with 0.058 g/dl higher serum albumin overall (P=0.02); this difference decreased by 0.001 g/dl each month (P=0.05) such that the difference was 0.052 g/dl (P=0.04) in month 6 and the difference was no longer significant in month 12 . In analyses based on ONS use, ONS patients had lower hospitalization at 1 year (68.4%; P,0.01) versus patients without ONS (88.7%), but there was no significant reduction in mortality risk (P=0.29). In analyses based on ONS indication, patients with indication had lower mortality at 1 year (16.2%) compared with CPM patients (23.4%; P,0.01).Conclusions These findings suggest that ONS use was associated with significantly lower hospitalization rates but had no significant effect on mortality in a disease management setting.

Six zinc(II) complexes, namely, [Zn(HL 1 H)Cl 2 ] (1), [Zn(HL 1 H)Br 2 ] (2), [Zn 2 (HL 1 H) 2 (OH)I 2 ]•I (3), [Zn(HL 2 )-Cl] (4), [Zn 2 (HL 2 )Br 3 ] (5), and [Zn(HL 2 )I] (6) have been manufactured by using two homologous Schiff base ligands H 2 L 1 and H 2 L 2 for the purpose of perlustrating their phosphatase-like activity, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity. Complexes 1, 2, 4, and 5 have been reported earlier by us, whereas complexes 3 and 6 have been synthesized and structurally characterized by regular physicochemical methods The hydrolytic property of the six complexes has been evaluated by checking the hydrolysis of the P−O bond of a widely used substrate, namely, disodium salt of (para-nitrophenyl)phosphate (PNPP) in 97.5% (v/v) mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and water (DMF−water). Complexes 2− 5 have profound efficiency toward hydrolysis of phosphate ester bonds, and complexes 1 and 6 were noted to be inactive toward hydrolysis. Complex 3 displayed the highest efficacy among the six complexes. Additionally, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the complexes were studied thoroughly. A detailed study of their antioxidant property revealed that complex 3 manifested superior radical scavenging activity, thus exhibiting the highest antioxidant property. The antibacterial activity was tested using four investigating bacteria, specifically Listeria monocytogenes ATCC19111, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 700699, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 23564, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values using the microdilution method. Here as well, complex 3 exhibited the highest activity to both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The chemistry behind these experimental findings has been manifested by shedding light upon the structural features of the complexes. The suitable choice of ligand H 2 L 1 where one methylene group is less than its homologous ligand and metal precursor (ZnI 2 ) imparts a unique hydroxo-bridged molecular geometry and 2D hydrogen bonding network which in turn probably enhances the hydrolytic and biological activities of complex 3.

Four new zinc (II) complexes [Zn (HL1H)Br2] (1), [Zn (HL1H)Cl2] (2), [Zn2(HL2)Br3] (3), and [Zn (HL2)Cl] (4) have been synthesized by adopting template synthetic strategy and utilizing two homologous Schiff base ligands (H2L1 = 4‐bromo‐2‐{[2‐(2‐hydroxyethylamino)‐ethylimino]‐methyl}‐6‐methoxyphenol, H2L2 = 4‐bromo‐2‐{[3‐(2‐hydroxyethylamino)propylimino]methyl}‐6‐methoxyphenol), differing in one ‐CH2‐ unit in the ligating backbone, by adopting template synthetic strategy. All the complexes have been characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis as well as by other routine physicochemical techniques. Ligand mediated structural variations have been observed and rationalized by density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations. Interaction of the complexes 1–4 with Bovine Serum Albumin protein (BSA) has been studied by different spectroscopic techniques. A complete thermodynamic profile (ΔHo, ΔSo and ΔGo) was evaluated initially from the change in absorption and fluorescence spectra upon addition of BSA to the complexes. Appreciable binding constant values in the range ~ 0.94–4.51 × 104 M−1 indicate efficient binding tendency of the complexes to BSA with the sequence 1 ≅ 2 > 3 ≅ 4. Circular dichroism (CD), isothermal calorimetric titration experiments, molecular docking and molecular dynamics have been performed to gain deep insight into the binding regions of complex 1 to BSA. Experimental evidences suggest an interaction of zinc complexes at the surface of BSA protein and this particular binding has been exploited to determine unknown concentration of BSA protein. For this purpose complex 1 was explored as a BSA protein quantification tool.

Efficient detection of arsenate (AsO43-) from contaminated drinking water extracted from underground becomes a matter of utmost necessity as well as exquisite challenge owing to on growing public health damage...

Two newly synthesized Fe(III) based complexes, [Fe 4 L 2 (μ 3 -O) 2 (Cl) 2 (MeOH) 4 (H 2 O) 4 ](ClO 4 ) 2 •4H 2 O•MeOH (1) and [Fe 2 L 3 ]•4DMF (2) were isolated in solid crystalline form using the reaction of iron(III) perchlorate with the ligand H 2 L (H 2 L = 6,6′-((1E,1′E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis(methanylylidene))bis(2-methoxyphenol). (DMF= N,N-dimethylformamide, MeOH = methanol). Compound 1 was self-assembled in MeOH, but when the solvent was changed to DMF, compound 2 was harvested. Furthermore, compound 1 was converted to compound 2 just by dissolving compound 1 in DMF. Sequential self-assembly and conversion of compound 1 to 2 were monitored by UV−vis spectroscopy and ESI-Mass spectroscopy in solution phase. Single crystal X-ray analysis showed that compound 1 has μ 3 -oxo bridged tetranuclear structure whereas compound 2 has puckered dinuclear structure. Magnetic studies indeed revealed frustrated magnetic spin for compound 1 whereas antiferromagnetic interaction was observed for compound 2. The spectrophotometrical investigation on their phosphatase like activity revealed remarkable hydrolytic efficiency for both the complexes. Michaelis−Menten-derived kinetic parameters suggest the competitiveness of the rate of P−O bond fission employing the phosphomonoester (4-nitrophenyl)phosphate (PNPP) in 97.5% DMF is 1 > 2, and the k cat value lies in the range 28.95−38.43 s −1 at 298 K. Computational calculations have verified the higher catalytic activity of compounds 1 over 2 attributed to the large number of labile groups attached to the metal centers.