This study examines the impact of students’ anxiety, due to online learning, in different learning environments: a synchronous (Zoom) and asynchronous learning environment (YouTube) to compare students’ conceptual understanding of electric circuits. Multiple linear regression and factor analyses were conducted to examine the factor of students’ anxiety and conceptual understanding. A sample of 99 vocational students participated in the study, including YouTube (n = 49) and Zoom (n = 50) groups. The DIRECT was used to diagnose test for conceptual understanding in the electric circuits, and OTAI was used to assess anxiety in online learning test. The OTAI consists of three factors: psychological, physiological, and online. The results showed that students’ anxiety, in some factors, affected their conceptual understanding of the electric circuits in both groups. However, there was a significant increase in conceptual understanding in both treatment groups. Although the students’ conceptual understanding had a slight increase, online learning has to improve to reduce the anxiety of learners.
Abstract-This research presents the design and development of a distance laboratory package for teaching undergraduate students basic electronics via the LabVIEW program to foster more understanding through additional practice in conventional contexts rather than studying only theory in the classroom. This research consists of two main parts. The first part is the design and development of the experimental set. The subject content was analyzed to design the experiment. The competencies and skills for each topic were defined using objective analysis. Design of the experimental procedures and tools for the laboratory were implemented using task analysis. The second part is the design of the laboratory sheet on the LabVIEW program. The results revealed that students who studied with the specified experimental set had higher achievement at a significantly increasing level (0.05).
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