Background: Double cancer is defined as the co-existence of two pathologically distinct cancers. Double cancer consisting of a lung adenocarcinoma and a malignant lymphoma has seldom been reported in time synchronous cases or prior to cases of primary lung cancer, except in those after treatment for malignant lymphoma. Case Presentation: Case 1 was a 71-year-old woman who was treated at our hospital for chronic hepatitis C, nontuberculous mycobacteria infection, and bronchiectasis. She was diagnosed with a stage IV lung adenocarcinoma (cT1bN2M1b) with a synchronous complicating diffuse large B-cell-type lymphoma. Case 2 was a 62-year-old man who had undergone resection of a stage IB lung adenocarcinoma (pT2aN0M0). Thirty months after the surgery, a diffuse large B-cell-type lymphoma was discovered. In both cases, high antiviral capsid antigen IgG antibody titers were observed. Conclusion: Epstein-Barr virus may be associated with the incidence of multiple cancers given the pathological evidence from our two double cancer cases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.