ObjectivePredictions of the future bone mineral density and bone loss rate are important to tailor medicine for women with osteoporosis, because of the possible presence of personal risk factors affecting the severity of osteoporosis in the future. We investigated whether it was possible to predict bone mineral density and bone loss rate in the future using artificial neural networks.ResultsA total of 135 women over 50 years old residing in T town of Wakayama Prefecture, Japan were analyzed to establish a statistical model. Artificial neural networks models were constructed using the two variables of bone mineral density and bone loss rate. The multiple correlation coefficients between the actual and measured values for lumbar and femoral bone mineral densities in 2003 showed R2 = 0.929 and R2 = 0.880, respectively, by linear regression analyses, while the values for bone loss rates in lumbar and femoral bone mineral densities were R2 = 0.694 and R2 = 0.609, respectively. Statistical models by artificial neural networks were superior to those by multiple regression analyses. The prediction of future bone mineral density values estimated by artificial neural networks was considered to be useful as a tool to tailor medicine for the early diagnosis of and intervention for women osteoporosis with women.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-017-2910-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
For maintenance of irrigation pipelines over long spans of time, it is indispensable to clarify the actual situation of accidents along the irrigation pipelines. In this paper, the actual situation of the accidents of water leakage from the trunk lines of irrigation pipelines, which are laid in the 18 land improvement districts around Lake Biwa, Japan, was investigated. The accident rates, or the number of accidents per year, and length of laid pipes, were obtained from the data provided by the practical managers. Furthermore, the accident rates were found to be related to the type, the diameter and the period of use of the pipes. As a result, it was concluded that the accident ratios of ductile cast iron pipes and steel pipes are lower than those of other pipes; the accident ratio of fiberglass reinforced plastic mortar pipes is the same as that of both prestressed concrete pipes and asbestos pipes. No relationship has been found between the accident ratio and the diameter. Moreover, the accident ratio of the fiberglass reinforced plastic mortar pipes, which have been used for over 20 years, is high.
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