Generalized Gaussian distribution is a class of symmetry distribution with the Gaussian and Laplacian distribution as the special cases, with delta distribution and uniformity distribution as limit. It is widely applied a great many fields. In this paper, we first deduce the Generalized Gaussian parameter ratio function, and then present a fast parameter estimation of Generalized Gaussian distribution; finally we make use of simulations to verify the method.
Digital watermark technology is a very good method for protecting copyright. In this paper, in terms of requisition of imperceptibility and robustness of watermarking, the multidirectional, multiscale, and band-pass coefficient features of Curvelet transform are introduced and a novel image watermark scheme based on Curvelet and human visual system is proposed. Digital watermark information is embedded into the first 16 directions with larger energy in the fourth layer. Experimental results indicate that the proposed watermark scheme is feasible and simple. Simultaneously, the embedded watermark images just have tiny difference with the original images and the extracted watermark is accurate. Moreover, it is imperceptible and robust against various methods of signals processing such as cropping, noise adding, and rotating and altering.
The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of trust transfer and online contents on purchase intention in the online-to-offline e-commerce. A partial least squares based structural equation model was utilized to test the framework of causality and a series of multivariate analyses of variance were conducted to test the effects of online content size. The partial least squares results indicate that trust transfer from online-to-offline platforms to offline merchants, perceived effectiveness of online product reviews as well as perceived effectiveness of numerical ratings positively influence trust in merchants directly and purchase intention indirectly, while perceived effectiveness of online production descriptions shows no significant effect. The multivariate analyses of variance results confirm the positive effects of review number and picture number on customer trust toward merchants and purchase intention. The multivariate analyses of variance results also support the positive effects of review length when a merchant has a high review balance.
Digital watermarking technology is a very good method for protecting copyright. In this paper, in terms of requisition of imperceptibility and robustness of watermarking, the coefficient features of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) are introduced and a new image watermarking scheme based on Discrete Cosine Transform is proposed. Digital watermark is embedded in original image by subtle perturbations of Discrete Cosine Transform corresponding coefficients. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking scheme is feasible and simple, the embedded watermarking images have little difference with the original images and the extracted watermark is accurate. Moreover, it is imperceptible and robust against various signals processing such as noise adding, cropping, rotating and sharp, etc.
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