Germination of Styrax japonicus seeds is promoted by warm stratification (WS) at 18-20°C followed by cold stratification (CS) at 4-5 . The objective of this work was to analyze the state and mobility of water molecules measured by 1 H-NMR and endogenous gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA) by ultra performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) as influenced by WS and CS treatments had not previously been investigated. Styrax seeds that received 35 days of WS (35D WS) followed by 63 days of CS (63D CS) (35D WS + 63D CS) germinated. Seeds that received only 35D WS failed to germinate. Endogenous GA1, GA8, GA19, GA20, and GA53 were identified as well as GA17, GA23, GA28, GA29, and GA97 by gas chromatography/MS (GC/MS) and UPLC-MS/MS in seeds that were treated with warm and cold stratification (WS + CS). This suggests that the early C-13 hydroxylation pathway [-GA53-(GA44)-GA19-GA20-GA1-GA8] of GAs is a major biosynthetic pathway in the seeds. The concentration of GA53 and GA19 increased following WS and that of GA53 increased after WS + CS. The concentration of GA19 increased only slightly after WS + CS. The concentration of GA1 increased only after WS + CS. ABA concentration significantly decreased following the WS treatment. It is concluded that the mobility of water molecules and water content in cotyledons and endosperm is increased following WS + CS treatments. The occurrence of C-13 hydroxylated GAs suggests that the early C-13 hydroxylation pathway, GA53 GA44 GA19 GA20 GA1 GA8, is a major biosynthetic pathway in Styrax seeds.Additional key words: gibberellin metabolism, mass spectrometry, mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), ultra performance liquid chromatography, water mobility Hort. Environ. Biotechnol. 52(3):233-239. 2011.
. This longer period was defined as the maximum CT period. These results suggest that the expression of endogenous GA is necessary for flowering in L. × intermedia, that the florigenic effect of GA 3 on flowering varies with the period of CT, and that GA 3 enhances the effect of CT on flowering in L. × intermedia, but cannot replace CT.
Utility and function of porous clay pots for a root-zone environmental control system (RECS) were investigated. The porous clay pots characteristically had no drainage hole at the bottom. Growth and flowering of pansies in the porous clay pots with pot-surface watering were compared with those in plastic pots with top watering or capillary mat watering. The porous clay pots were placed in a plastic water bath to supply water though pot-surface. In addition, effects of pot soils and of water levels in the bath on the rate of soil moisture were investigated. Pansy growth was significantly stimulated in the porous clay pots compared with those of plastic pots. The root-zone temperature in the porous clay pots was lower than the air temperature during the day time. These findings indicate that the porous clay pot with pot-surface watering is useable as watering equipment for RECS. The rates of soil moisture changed depending not only on soils but on water levels in the bath. However, it was suggested that soil moisture in the porous clay pot should be controlled by regulating water level in the bath.Key Words:capillary watering, pot-surface watering, root-zone temperature, soil moisture (1988, 1990, 1991, 1992
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.