In this paper, a novel zwitterionic copolymer AM/SSS/THDAB clay hydration dispersion inhibitor was synthesized by copolymerization of tris hydroxyethyl diallyl ammonium bromide (THDAB), sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SSS) and acrylamide (AM) initiated in an aqueous solution. The copolymer was characterized by FT-IR, GPC, TGA-DSC and SEM. Results demonstrated that molecular weight of AM/SSS/THDAB was 43674 g/mol and its temperature resistance ability was up to 225 °C. Evaluation experiments showed that AM/SSS/THDAB has an excellent clay hydration inhibitive performance. Methods including particle size analysis and SEM were utilized to study its dispersion inhibition mechanism by using sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT). Results indicated that the micro-structure of Na-MMT has been successfully changed by AM/SSS/THDAB. In a word, the superior inhibition property makes the novel clay hydration dispersion inhibitor promised in water-based drilling fluids.
In order to solve wellbore instability problem, a novel clay hydration inhibitor PDWC for water-based drilling fluids was synthesized by copolymerization of tris hydroxyethyl diallyl ammonium bromide (THDAB), sodium allyl sulfonate (AS) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) initiated by redox initiation in an aqueous solution. PDWC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and Thermo-gravimetry-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA-DSC), respectively. Evaluation of experiments indicated that PDWC showed superior clay hydration inhibition ability compared to some polymer and inorganic inhibitors. Characterization methods included particle size analysis, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were utilized to study the inhibition mechanism of PDWC, it was observed that PDWC can be adsorbed on the surface of sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) by its hydroxyl functional group, which changed the micro-structure of Na-MMT and made the clay particles increased obviously. However, results of XRD demonstrated that it was difficult for PDWC to enter the inner layer crystal of Na-MMT.
The research method of LF-NMR(low field nuclear magnetic resonance) combined with core displacement device has become important experiment was used to study the Water Flooding SCT(swept control technology by water flooding) of soft microgel. Besides, the transverse relaxation time spectrum and the “visual” evaluation method based on LF-NMR were used to investigate the microscopic mechanism of expended sweep volume of soft microgel in single core experiment. The displacement conformance effect of flexible microgel in parallel double-core and its displacement mechanism at different pore scales were analyzed by transverse relaxation time spectrum. The results of single core experiments show that the soft microgel can expand the sweep volume, mainly in the relatively large pore throat, with 15.43%. The results of parallel double-core experiments indicate that after SMG flooding, the recovery of low permeability core increased by 29.5%, high permeability core increased by 15.3%, comprehensive recovery increased by 22.0%, and the ratio of low permeability recovery increased by nearly 2 times that of high permeability core. The soft microgel flooding technology can effectively activate the remaining oil in different pore sizes of the core, among which the medium pore (12.1%) is more used than the large pore (5.6%) and the small pore (4.2%).
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