Synthesis and performance of AM/SSS/THDAB as clay hydration dispersion inhibitor

Wang, Xiangyun; Liu, Man; Bi, Taifei; Song, Shunxi; Zhang, Jie; Chen, Gang

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.06519

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…When gemini cationic surfactants interact with bentonite clay, a cation exchange phenomenon occurs, and surfactant adsorbs and intercalates between layers of clay through hydrogen bonding and attractive electrostatic forces. , Due to the intercalation of the surfactant, a positively charged head group balances the negatively charged clay surface that leads to the weakening of the diffuse double layer . Further, water molecules move out of the interlayer and, as a result, reduce the repulsive forces. , In addition, surfactant adsorption is attributed to the interaction of the hydrophobic alkyl chain and the hydrophilic head group; hydrophilic groups can be attached either to the solid surface or to the solution based on the polarity of the solid surface. It was reported in the literature that improved particle localization of clay at the interface increases the interfacial modulus unless the surfactants adsorb at the particle interface and induce the formation of particle–surfactant aggregates. , The higher increase in particle size of GS-A and GS-B compared to GS-C suggests a strong coalescence ability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51 Further, water molecules move out of the interlayer and, as a result, reduce the repulsive forces. 52,53 In addition, surfactant adsorption is attributed to the interaction of the hydrophobic alkyl chain and the hydrophilic head group; hydrophilic groups can be attached either to the solid surface or to the solution based on the polarity of the solid surface. It was reported in the literature that improved particle localization of clay at the interface increases the interfacial modulus unless the surfactants adsorb at the particle interface and induce the formation of particle− surfactant aggregates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(Oxyethylene)-amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants with Hydrophilic Spacers as Clay Stabilizers

et al. 2020

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Water-based drilling fluids cause severe formation damage upon interaction with clay-based formations. Therefore, clay inhibitors are commonly used in the oil and gas industry to prevent clay swelling. The selection of a swelling inhibitor is critical and requires careful understanding. This study reports the application of poly(oxyethylene)-amidoamine based cationic gemini surfactants (GSs) as clay swelling inhibitors. These surfactants are different due to the hydrophilicity of the spacer. The synthesized surfactants contain a diethyl ether spacer (GS-A), a secondary amine spacer (GS-B), or an isopropyl alcohol spacer (GS-C). The swelling inhibition was determined with a linear swelling test, a capillary suction timer (CST), a wettability test, X-ray diffraction, particle size, rheology, and filtration experiments. The synthesized surfactants decreased the clay swelling compared to the base mud. The surfactant with a secondary amine spacer (GS-B) showed the best performance compared to the other surfactants. Moreover, the surfactant showed comparable performances with a commonly used clay stabilizer (KCl) and the commercially available cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) used in the industry. It was observed that the synthesized surfactants reduced rheological properties and increased the particle size of bentonite and the filtration volume. The proposed gemini cationic surfactants can be used as an alternative for commercial clay swelling inhibitors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(Oxyethylene)-amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants with Hydrophilic Spacers as Clay Stabilizers

et al. 2020

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“…The addition of surfactants leads to an agglomeration of bentonite particles, which occurs upon reduction in repulsive forces of bentonite particles in the drilling mud. The well-dispersed clay particles in BM moved to aggregation upon the addition of a surfactant [ 73 , 74 ]. The presence of two ammonium cations in the PC and PB molecules plays a vital role in the reorientation of inter-particle interactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Clay Hydration and Swelling Inhibition Using Quaternary Ammonium Dicationic Surfactant with Phenyl Linker

et al. 2020

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Water-based drilling fluids are extensively used for drilling oil and gas wells. However, water-based muds cause clay swelling, which severely affects the stability of wellbore. Due to two adsorption positions, it is expected that cationic gemini surfactants can reduce the clay swelling. In this work, quaternary ammonium dicationic gemini surfactants containing phenyl linkers and different counterions (Cl− and Br−) were synthesized, and the effect of variation in counterions on swelling and hydration properties of shales was studied. Numerous water-based drilling fluid formulations were prepared with different concentrations of surfactants to study the swelling inhibition capacity of surfactants. The performance of surfactant-containing drilling muds was evaluated by comparing them with base drilling mud, and sodium silicate drilling mud. Various experimental techniques were employed to study drilling mud characteristics such as rheology and filtration. The inhibition properties of drilling mud formulations were determined by linear swelling experiment, capillary suction time test, particle size distribution measurement, wettability measurements, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Experimental results showed that surfactant-based formulation containing bromide counterion exhibited superior rheological properties as compared to other investigated formulations. The filtration test showed that the gemini surfactant with chloride counterion had higher filtrate loss compared to all other formulations. The bentonite swelling was significantly reduced with increasing the concentration of dicationic surfactants as inhibitors, and maximum reduction in the linear swelling rate was observed by using a formulation containing surfactant with chloride counterion. The lowest capillary suction timer (CST) was obtained in the formulation containing surfactant with chloride counterion as less CST indicated the enhanced inhibition capacity. The particle size measurement showed that average bentonite particle size increased upon the addition of surfactants depicting the inhibition capacity. The increase in basal spacing obtained from XRD analysis showed the intercalation of gemini surfactants in interlayers of bentonite. The contact angle measurements were performed to study the wettability of the bentonite film surface, and the results showed that hydrophobicity increased by incorporating the surfactants to the drilling fluid.

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“…The hydrated expansion of sodium bentonite was determined using a shale expander (NP01, Chuangmeng Ltd., Qingdao, China), according to the Chinese Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standards SY/T59711994 and SY/T63351997 [ 20 ]. Using a 2:1 mass ratio, we dried the sodium bentonite at 105 °C for two hours, then mixed it with water to form mud balls with a mass of about 10 g each.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Mixed Metal Hydroxide as a Strong Stratigraphic Nanoclay Inhibitor in Solid-Free Drilling Fluid

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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Solid-free drilling fluid has more advantages as a new type of drilling fluid compared with traditional drilling fluid, such as improving drilling efficiency, protecting oil and not having clay particles clog the oil and gas layer. In this study, Zn/Cu/Fe-doped magnesium–aluminum hydroxide (Mg-Al MMH) was prepared using the co-precipitation method and evaluated in solid-free drilling fluid. The inhibition mechanism of synthesized hydroxide was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, laser particle-size analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The samples were directly used as drilling fluid base muds for performance evaluation. The results showed that the linear expansion rate of 4% M6-Fe was only 12.32% at room temperature within 2 h, that the linear expansion rate was 20.28% at 90 °C and that the anti-swelling rate was 81.16% at room temperature, indicating that it has a strong inhibition ability at both room temperature and at high temperatures. Meanwhile, the possibility of multi-mixed metal hydroxide as a drilling fluid base mud is discussed in this study. We found that 4% M6-Fe exhibited low viscosity, a high YP/PV ratio and high temperature resistance, and its apparent viscosity retention rate reached 100% rolled at 200 °C for 16 h, with a YP/PV ratio of 2.33.

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Synthesis and performance of AM/SSS/THDAB as clay hydration dispersion inhibitor

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Poly(Oxyethylene)-amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants with Hydrophilic Spacers as Clay Stabilizers

Poly(Oxyethylene)-amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants with Hydrophilic Spacers as Clay Stabilizers

Evaluation of Clay Hydration and Swelling Inhibition Using Quaternary Ammonium Dicationic Surfactant with Phenyl Linker

Multi-Mixed Metal Hydroxide as a Strong Stratigraphic Nanoclay Inhibitor in Solid-Free Drilling Fluid

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