Context and objectiveIncarcerated women are more vulnerable to developing cervical cancer than women in general; therefore, screening and intervention programs must be included in their healthcare provision. We therefore aimed to investigate the state of cervical cancer screening for imprisoned women in Mato Grosso do Sul, and to analyze the interventions geared toward the control of cervical cancer.Materials and methodsThis was a cross-sectional study with analysis of primary and secondary data. Interviews were held with 510 women in seven prisons in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The data for 352 medical records were analyzed statistically with the significance level set at 5%. Associations were assessed by the chi-squared test, adjusted by the Bonferroni correction.ResultsMost female prisoners had limited education, used tobacco, and had key risk factors for the development of cervical cancer. Half of the women interviewed (n = 255) stated that they had received a Papanicolaou (Pap) test in prison, but 134 (52.5%) of these did not know the result. Of those who had not received a Pap test, 149 (58.4%) stated that this was because of a lack of opportunity. There was no information regarding the provision of Pap tests or subsequent treatment in the medical records of 211 (59.9%) women. No protocols were in place for the provision of Pap tests in prison. There were statistical differences between prisons in terms of test frequency, the information provided to women, and how information was recorded in medical records.ConclusionThe screening of cervical cancer in prisons is neither systematic nor regular, and the results are not communicated to women in a significant number of cases. It is necessary to organize health services within the prison environment, ensuring that tests are done and that there is investigation for human papillomavirus. This could increase the diagnosis of cervical cancer at less advanced stages of the disease.

Insecticide resistance has caused difficulties in controlling Aedes aegypti, stimulating the search for natural larvicide compounds. Crotalaria pallida, popularly known as Chique-Chique and for its repellent action, still lacks scientific data regarding its properties. The objective was to verify the larvicidal/ovocidal potential of this plant in A. aegypti. C. pallida leaves were subjected to extraction with solvents: Ethyl Acetate (AcEt), Hexane (Hex) Ethanol (EtOH) and Methanol (MetOH). Larvicidal action was determined with 15 larvae (L2, Rockefeller strain) through contact with each extract (500, 250; 125; 62.5; 31.25 mg/L diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 24 hours (triplicate tests)) with subsequent determination of the lethal dose (DL90 and DL50) .The LD50 was used to determine the larvicidal action in the different larval instars for the extracts with greater lethality. at 500 mg/L) for 10 minutes and subsequently transferred to clean water for hatching (Contact Test). Eggs were also hatched in water containing 500 mg/L of the extracts (Hatching test). All results were subjected to statistical analysis, a better larvicidal action was observed, with death of 100% and 88.8%, in the compounds MetOH and EtOH, respectively, at a concentration of 500 mg/L.

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Os surtos epidêmicos de dengue no Brasil têm sido cada vez mais frequentes. No ano de 2020 a pandemia de COVID19 associada aos casos de dengue, zika e chikungunya expuseram a capacidade finita do sistema de saúde, o que torna o tema dengue ainda mais urgente. Todos os anos somos alertados sobre a importância de se eliminar criadouros do mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), por meio de campanhas educativas nas mídias locais, nas redes sociais, entre outros. A partir desse cenário, nesse trabalho buscamos elencar os principais motivos apresentados por alguns autores para essa baixa adesão da população, bem como, apresentar as principais soluções apontadas na literatura científica. Foram apontadas diretrizes gerais a fim de que os profissionais de saúde e educação desenvolvam alternativas capazes de integrar a saúde e educação, além de promover um maior engajamento da população às práticas de controle do vetor.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), is adapted to different environments, mainly urban ones. They have a high degree of vectorial competence for viral diseases, especially Dengue, the arbovirus with the highest number of cases in the world. The adaptive ability of this insect and the abundance of breeding sites have undermined attempts at population’s control, resulting in a high degree of infestation in many regions of the world, resulting in a Dengue endemic. It is important to understand the different nuances of the insect in order to understand the adaptive capacity of this vector, through the knowledge of his behavior, to propose new strategies and engagement of population in proactive actions that allow the population control of this vector, especially in periods of greater proliferation. This chapter discusses population control strategies, in different scenarios and carried out by different researchers, mainly in Brazil.

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