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Toxoplasma gondii is a globally obligate intra-cellular protozoan zoonotic disease. This study evaluated the efficacy of Thymus vulgaris and Myristica fragrance Houtt (Nutmeg) ethanolic extracts against chronic toxoplasmosis. A total of fifty laboratory-bred male Swiss Albino mice were infected with Me-49 T. gondii strain and divided into five groups G1:non infected/non-treated control, G2:infected/non-treated, G3: infected/treated with Thymus vulgaris extract, G4: infected/treated with nutmeg extract and G5:infected and treated with Spiramycin. Mice were given Thymus and Myristica ethanolic extract 4 days post infection for 14 days then sacrificed 4 weeks after last dose. Brains and livers were dissected out and processed for histopathological examination. Tissue cyst count evaluated the efficacy of extracts. The results showed that mean number of brain cysts was significantly reduced by 47.5% in mice treated with Thymus extract while Myristica extract treated group showed a mild reduction (0.8%). Thymus effect was near to Spiramycin in cyst reduction (47.5% & 48.89%) respectively. Brain and liver lesions in Thymus treated mice showed considerable improvement.

Trichinosis is a parasitic disease, caused by a nematode worm of the genus Trichinella. Infection is caused by ingestion of undercooked contaminated meat with infective parasitic larvae. The study assessed the muscle apoptotic and vascular changes in T. spiralis infected mice after intra-muscular artemether injection. This study included 80 clean laboratory-bred Swiss albino mice orally infected with 200 T. spiralis larvae/mouse. Four groups of mice (20 mice each), GI: non-infected (control normal); GII: infected untreated (control infected); GIII: infected then treated with artemether injection 1.25mg/kg 45days post-infection (dpi) and GIV: infected then treated with artemether injection 25mg/kg 45dpi. On the 60 th dpi, mice were sacrificed. All groups were evaluated parasitologically by assessing the number of intestinal worms and muscular encysted larvae, histopathological assessment of intestinal and muscle changes and immune-histochemical assessment of BAX marker for apoptotic changes and CD34 marker for vascular changes.

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