BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children globally. Predisposing conditions for the development of serious RSV disease include preterm infants and those with cardiopulmonary illness, including congenital heart disease (CHD) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). No vaccine is currently approved for the prevention of RSV infection. It is recommended that children at high risk be prophylactically administered palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody that has been shown in a number of clinical studies to reduce hospitalization rates due to serious RSV infection. The objective of the current study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of palivizumab in preventing serious RSV disease in high-risk children in the Russian Federation. Children at high risk of serious RSV disease (ie, born at ≤35 wk gestational age and ≤6 mo of age, and/or aged ≤24 mo with BPD or hemodynamically significant CHD) were enrolled. Subjects were to receive 3 to 5 monthly injections of palivizumab 15 mg/kg (depending on the month of the initial injection) over the RSV season. The primary endpoint was RSV-related hospitalizations. Adverse events (AEs) were reported through 100 days following the final injection.ResultsOne hundred subjects received ≥1 injection of palivizumab; 94 completed their dosing schedule. There were no RSV hospitalizations or deaths. Six of 7 subjects hospitalized for respiratory/cardiac conditions had an RSV test, which was negative in all cases. Three non-serious AEs (acute intermittent rhinitis and rhinitis, 1 subject; atopic dermatitis, 1 subject) were considered possibly related to palivizumab. All other AEs were mild or moderate and considered not related/probably not related to palivizumab.ConclusionPalivizumab was generally well tolerated and effectively prevented serious RSV infection in a mixed population of high-risk children in the Russian Federation.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01006629
ActualityOver the past two decades the prevalence of allergic diseases in infants in the various regions of the world has increased by 2–3 times. In this regard, special attention should be paid to the primary/secondary prevention of allergies in accordance with the age and state of health of children, especially in children with atopic predisposition.ObjectiveTo study the clinical effectiveness, tolerability and safety of monocomponent weaning foods in the diet of infants with allergic history.Materials and methodsthere was a monocentre, prospective, comparative study in 200 children with allergic history at the age of 5 months+. Investigational complementary foods were gradually and consistently added to the daily diet of these patients: vegetable puree, fruit juices and upon reaching the age of 6 months – meat mash. The complementary foods were added to the daily diet of each child in accordance to the recommended age norm. The symptoms of dyspeptic, skin allergy symptoms were recorded, the results of immunogenicity studies and coprological weaning foods were evaluated twice: at the beginning and in the end of the study.ResultsIt was found out that the complementary foods (feeding products) were well tolerated, ingested by children, did not cause skin and gastrointestinal allergic reactions in infants at risk groups of the development of allergies. Food antigens of the complementary foods components such as pumpkin, rabbit meat, turkey meat, apples, pears, plums were characterised by low immunogenicity: the level of specific IgE in serum of such products has not changed and remained at a low level both at the beginning and in the end of the study (within the range from 0.01 to 0.03 kE/l).ConclusionsThe studied products line of complementary foods being fruits-and-vegetables, meat, fruits based, can be used in the diet for children at high risk allergy development group in order to prevent the sensitisation to food antigens.
ActualityThe Influenza is a highly contagious viral infection, which may develops into severe inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract and other organs and systems. It caqn cause severe illness, and at times can lead to death. Children with chronic diseases, including allergic pathology, have a hard current of disease. Influenza in children with allergic diseases is often accompanied by the relapses of the disease, in patients with bronchial asthma proceeds with the development of attacks or complicated by pneumonia. The only reliable way of specific prevent of influenza is vaccination.Objectiveto study the portability and effectiveness of immunisation against influenza by vaccines «Influvac» (Netherlands) and «Grippol plus» (Russia) in children with allergic diseases.Materials and methodsThere were vaccinated 251 children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years old with various allergic diseases. The group of comparison consisted of healthy children amounted to 80 people. There was analysed the portability of vaccination, the course of the main disease and frequency of acute respiratory infections during the year after immunisation. The specific immune response evaluated after the 1 and 6 months after vaccination.ResultsLocal reactions to vaccines were found in 18% in healthy and 23% of children with allergic pathology, general reactions – both in 14% of healthy children and children with allergies. All the reactions were of mild or moderate severity. Significant differences in tolerability of influenza vaccine in healthy children compared with children c allergic pathology was revealed. There have been no cases of relapses of chronic allergic process, associated with influenza vaccination. The frequency of episodes of acute respiratory infections and bronchial asthma in following after the vaccination season was significantly decreased in children immunised with «Grippol plus» (in 1,5 times, at 35%), and with «Influvac» (in 1,4 times, at 30%). The rise of specific antibodies revealed almost in 3 times while using both vaccines in 1 month after vaccination in children of both groups, and 6 months after their decline in the majority of children up to the benchmarks.ConclusionVaccination against influenza by vaccines of Russian and import production is safe and effective, doesn’t cause the relapses of allergic diseases and contributes to reduction of the acute respiratory infections in the season following vaccination.
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