The main positive effects on the use of electrical machines with a variable rotation frequency are considered using the example of the Zagorsk pumped-storage power plant. It is shown that the possibility of regulating the electric active power, both in the generator and the pump modes, makes the power plant with asynchronous generator-motors more effective compared with units with synchronous generator-motors and enables it to provide services with normalized primary frequency regulation.Progress in the field of high-powered electronic devices has enabled highly reliable frequency converters to be produced. This, in combination with the development of microprocessor regulation and control devices, construction methods, and the use of new materials and technologies in electrical machines, has enabled electrical machines operating with variable rotation frequency to be designed.Of the variety of electrical machines operating with a variable rotation frequency, the most economical technical designs for a change in the rotation frequency not exceeding ±10% synchronous, is the asynchronous machine [1].The essential advantages of such hydroelectric apparatus with respect to economy, reliability, and controllability compared with hydromachines operating at a constant rotation frequency have been confirmed theoretically and experimentally.For the Russian hydropower system, the use of aggregates with asynchronous machines is important both for reconstructing existing power plants and constructing new ones [2].In this paper we investigate the possibility of pumped storage power plants with asynchronous generator-motors participating in normalized primary frequency regulation.The participation of a pumped-storage power plant with asynchronous generator-motors in normalized primary frequency regulation is considered, taking into account the operating conditions at the Zagorsk pumped-storage power plant when the synchronous generator-motor is replaced by an asynchronous one.The choice of the Zagorsk power plant as the example is governed by the fact that this power plant, practically unique in Russia, has characteristics that are available in the open literature, and in which, in the near future, will have its equipment modernized.The characteristics of the Zagorsk hydroelectric apparatus when operating with a variable rotation frequency. The universal characteristics of hydroelectric equipment operating with turbines and its working characteristic in the pump mode at a rotation frequency of 150 rpm are given in [3,4]. The diameter of the turbine D = 6.3 m, the nominal power in the turbine mode N T = 205 MW, and the nominal power in the pump mode N p = 217 MW.The net pressure heads in the turbine mode are: maximum -111 m, calculated -100 m, and minimum -91 m.The working pressure heads in the pump mode are as follows: maximum -115 m, average -105 m, and minimum -96 m.The rotation frequency n s = 250 rpm is synchronous for apparatus with synchronous generator-motors.
Соболева Л.М., Плотникова Т.В. Сорные растения табачного агроценоза в центральной зоне Краснодарского края и меры борьбы с ними Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий (Россия, Краснодар)
The results of experience in the industrial use of different types of asynchronous turbogenerators in the "Mosénergo" Company thermal electric power stations are presented. Their basic technical characteristics and features of the main and standby modes of operation are considered.Asynchronous machines, the theoretical foundations of which were laid by M. M. Botvinnik, have found practical application in electric power engineering. In the USSR and then in the new Russia, various types of asynchronous turbogenerators have been developed and introduced, namely, both with a symmetrical system of excitation windings, and with an asymmetrical system, including with a "weak controlling" excitation winding on the transverse axis of the rotor [1,2].The stator of the asynchronous turbogenerator is of the traditional type. Special measures are taken in its construction to eliminate overheating of the end zones when the generator is operating with a deep consumption of reactive power.The rotor of the generator has two excitation windings on the d and q axes, arranged over the circumference of the rotor at an angle of ÷ with respect to one another.The vector ("asynchronous") control principle is used for asynchronous turbogenerators, in which the controlling actions are produced along two channels in an orthogonal system of coordinates x, y, rotating with the synchronous frequency, with further coordinate transformation of the control signals to the rotor axes d and q, taking into account the current position of the rotor with respect to the reference vector of a synchronous system of coordinates (usually the voltage of the generator stator or the voltage of the power station buses).In general, an asynchronous turbogenerator can have a system of two unlike excitation windings (a and b), shifted along the circumference of the rotor with respect to one another by a certain electrical angle ÷. These windings can have a different number of turns W a and W b (different emfs) and nonidentical electrical parameters (resistances and leakage inductances). The angle ÷ between the windings lies in the range 0 -ð/2, depending on the construction (type) of the asynchronous turbogenerator. As the angle ÷ is reduced in the range ð/2 ³ ÷ > 0, the properties of the generator change and we can estimate a certain critical value of the angle ÷ = ÷ cr (approximately ð/6), for which these properties undergo qualitative changes.According to this criterion, asynchronous turbogenerators can be divided into three groups, -the first with ÷ = ð/2; -the second with ð/2 > ÷ > ÷ cr ; and -the third with 0 < ÷ < ÷ cr . The first group is the "classical" asynchronous turbogenerator with a symmetrical system of orthogonal windings. Typical representatives, possessing all the "classical" properties of asynchronous turbogenerators are the type ASTG-200 (made by "Élektrotyazhmash") and the type T3FA-110 (made by "Élektrosila"), which have been developed and are commercially available, and also the type T3VA-110, -220 and -320 turbogenerators (manufactured by "É...
Роль органических удобрений в восстановлении деградированной питательной смеси рассадника при выращивании табака 1 Всероссийский НИИ табака, махорки и табачных изделий 2 Кубанский государственный аграрный университет (Россия,
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.