Synopsis On the basis of physical models describing the behaviour of dowels embedded in concrete, formulae for the prediction of dowel strength under monotonic actions are derived. In addition, formulae for calculating transverse displacements corresponding to the dowel strength are given. Theoretical values of dowel strength calculated according to equations given in this paper are compared with experimental dowel strengths reported in the literature. It is found that the proposed formulae give good predictions for both failure mechanisms (concrete crushing and yield of the bar or concrete splitting). Additionally, a formalistic model for full displacement reversals, based on the results of an experimental programme, is proposed.

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