The effect of palm oil-supplemented diet on plasma lipid profile of Wistar albino rats was investigated by feeding the experimental animals with 20% palm oil-supplemented diets for 12 weeks. The plasma levels of Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) were determined at 4-, 8-, and 12-week intervals. The results showed significant (p<0.05) increases in TC (from 2.44+0.44 to 3.41+0.41), TG (from 1.72+0.51 to 2.46+0.19), and LDL (from 0.87+0.21 to 1.33+0.30) at the 4 th week. However, the level of HDL (0.97+0.06) did not show significant difference from control value (0.87+0.21). The TC/HDL ratio increased non-significantly from 3.12+0.29 to 3.55+0.29. At the 12 th week, significant decreases (p<0.05) were observed for TC (1.50+0.08), LDL (0.28+0.06), while no significant difference was noted for TG and HDL. The TC/HDL ratio decreased significantly (p<0.05) to 2.56+0.13. Analysis of organ weights showed significant (p<0.05) increase for lungs and liver while no significant differences were noted for heart and kidneys at the 12 th week of feeding the diets. The findings of the present study suggest that palm oil may be beneficial as its intake produces decreases in TC/HDL, a useful index for possible cardiovascular problems in individuals.
Pineapple crush waste (PCW) was used to replace maize as an energy source in the diets of Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Five diets (31.52-32.51% crude protein) was formulated in which yellow maize was replaced at varying level with pineapple waste as follows: Diet 1 (100% yellow maize), diet 2 (75% yellow maize, 25% PCW), diet 3 (50% yello maize, 50% PCW), diet 4 (25% yellow maize, 75% PCW), diet 5 (100%PCW). Growth performance of fish was highest in diet 4 for all investigated growth parameters such as average daily growth (0.73g), final body weight (76.21g) and protein efficiency ratio (2.02). differences in FCR and PER were not significantly different between all diets. Diet with 100% PCW had the least growth performance. Results from the study showed that PCW was better utilized by Tilapia fish when the level of its replacement was either equal or slightly higher than that of yellow maize. Tilapia fish did not thrive well when the maize in practical diets was replaced completely with PCW.
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