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Malignant lymphomas developing in tissue affected by a long-standing severe inflammatory process of nonautoimmune nature are presented. Two men and a woman aged 50, 58, and 73 years, were admitted after 22 to 30 year histories of pyothorax resulting from artificial pneumothorax for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis or tuberculous pleuritis. The diagnoses at admission were chronic pyothorax associated with a lung mass. Microscopically, tumors diffusely or locally proliferated with thickened pleura were present. A histologic examination showed that all the tumors were diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of immunoblastic type with (one case) or without (two cases) plasmacytoid differentiation. Immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections revealed restricted expression of immunoglobulin light chains in one case showing plasmacytoid differentiation. A review of the literature showed that malignant lymphomas of this type have been reported exclusively from Japan but never from Western countries.

We demonstrated a gas sensor fabricated by growing a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) thin film directly on a conventional sensor substrate. NO2 and Cl2 were detected down to the ppb level under room-temperature operation with a fast response. Using an electrical breakdown technique, gas response sensitivity was improved by an order of magnitude. The relationship between gas concentration and sensor response was derived based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, predicting a detection limit of 8 ppb for NO2. The SWNT thin-film gas sensor exhibits merits over other types of sensors by virtue of its simplicity in fabrication and feasible application.

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We demonstrated ultrasensitive detection of ozone using single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) networks directly grown on a conventional sensor substrate. Ozone was detected down to the ppb level (∼6 ppb) at room-temperature operation with a fast response. Using an electrical breakdown technique, gas sensitivity was improved. This result clearly indicates that owing to its high sensitivity, simplicity in fabrication and compact size, an SWNT sensor provides a feasible route to ultrasensitive ozone detection surpassing existing methods.

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We explored the growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) from nanoparticle array made of an Fe/Al multilayer catalyst by thermal chemical vapor deposition. Fe nanoparticles with a high number density and a narrow size distribution (1-5 nm) were efficiently formed by annealing the Fe/Al thin layer, resulting in the high-yield growth of SWNTs. Moreover, it was found that isolated SWNTs are rooted from patterned Fe/Al islands. The SWNTs bridged between electrodes exhibited semiconducting and metallic properties.