Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) due
to the acquisition of resistance to current antimicrobials pose a serious
challenge for therapy, and new measures to treat and prevent this infectious
pathogen are of crucial importance. Plant essential oils (EOs) and their
constituents are promising agents with antimicrobial properties. The aim of
this study was to evaluate the antistaphylococcal effect of essential oils
from Salvia officinalis using the broth-microdilution method. Essential oils
of S. officinalis were isolated from the same individual, but at different
life stages - young and old leaves. The effects of combinations of
sub-inhibitory concentrations of oil and different antibiotics were evaluated
by the checkerboard method. The results, expressed as the fractional
inhibitory concentration (FIC) and index (FICI), indicate that the essential
oil isolated from young leaves potentiated the inhibitory effect of
antibiotics against tested MRSA strains. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke
Republike Srbije, br. 173021]
Aromatic plants and essential oils have many applications in medicine,
pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and the food industry. The essential oil of the
flowering aerial parts of Achillea grandifolia, obtained by
hydrodistillation, was analyzed for its constituents and investigated for
antimicrobial and radical scavenging activity. The essential oil was
characterized by a high amount of oxygenated monoterpenes (72.7%) with
1,8-cineole (29.2%) and camphor (23.4%) being the most abundant.
Sesquiterpenes were present in smaller quantities (4.8%). Antimicrobial
activity was tested against eight ATCC bacterial strains and two ATCC
strains of Candida albicans. The essential oil exhibited highly pronounced
antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus with a MIC value of 3.50
?g/mL, as well as significant antimicrobial activity (<100 ?g/mL) against
Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis. Gram-negative
bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant.
Achillea grandifolia essential oil exhibited concentration-dependent
antiradical activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
with an SC50 value of 5.4 mg/mL. The TLC-DPPH assay revealed two main light
yellow spots indicating components with anti-DPPH activity, which after
isolation were identified as 1,8-cineole and camphor.
A series of α,β-unsaturated and α-bromo carboxylic acids were identified as potent antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using broth microdilution method. All acids 1-12 exhibit a significant activity against nine laboratory control strains of bacteria and two strains of yeast Candida albicans. The tested acids were efficiently prepared by optimized phase-transfer-catalyzed (PTC) reactions of ketones with bromoform and aqueous lithium hydroxide in alcoholic solvent with TEBA as catalyst
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