Field investigations were conducted in 1963 and 1964 on Wellston loam to compare uptake of applied phosphate under no‐tillage and conventional tillage methods of growing corn. P32 labelled superphosphate was applied to the soil surface in no‐tillage and rototilled into the upper 5 inches of the soil for conventional tillage.
In 1963 no significant differences in fertilizer P uptake were found but the total P content of corn leaves was higher where the phosphate was applied on the surface, at the first two sampling dates. There were no significant differences at the last two sampling dates.
In 1964 both the uptake of fertilizer P and total P content of the corn leaves were larger at the first sampling date where the phosphate was surface applied than where it was incorporated into the soil. No significant differences occurred at the last three sampling dates.
Bacterial wilt (causal organism-Ralstonia solanacearum) is one of the most important soil-borne diseases of eggplant (Solanum melongena) worldwide. The best way to control it economically is to develop cultivars resistant to this soil-borne pathogen. Resistance gene (R-gene) cloning and sequencing to obtain resistance gene analogs (RGAs) is one of the most recent approaches for obtaining disease resistant cultivars. Three different types of degenerative PCR based primers were used for isolating RGAs from resistant cultivated/ wild species through amplification of the target region of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR). Genetic diversity was observed in the sequences isolated, and six sequences showing specific conserved motifs were shortlisted as Solanum melongena RGAs (Sm7RGA1, Sm7RGA2, Sm7RGA4, Sm7RGA8 and Sm7RGA10) and Solanum viarum RGA (SvRGA2). The RGAs isolated in this study belong to both toll interleukin-1 receptors (TIR)-NBS-LRR and non-TIR-NBS-LRR type R-genes and show similarity with other plant resistance genes. This study also confirmed the hypothesis that dicots have both TIR and non-TIR resistance genes. The present study on eggplant RGAs will help develop RGA based markers linked to bacterial wilt in eggplant and other plant species. Further, it will provide information and pave the way for elucidation at the molecular level of wild and cultivated species' mechanism of resistance to bacterial wilt. This is the first report of NBS-LRR class resistance genes/RGA in resistant eggplant and its wild relatives against bacterial wilt (BW).
A set of diallel crosses involving ten parents was evaluated over two locations to determine the genetic control of protein per cent, oil per cent, seed index, percentage of mature seeds and number of seeds per boll. The analysis of pooled data showed that percentage of mature seeds was controlled by additive (D) and non-additive (H1 and H2) genetic effects. Overdominance was noticed. For seed index the D component measuring additive, and the H2 component measuring dominance, variation were significant. Protein content and oil content were primarily under the control of non-additive (H1 and H2) genetic effects, while for number of seeds per boll the variability was accounted for by dominance (H1) effects only. The development of pure lines through appropriate methods is suggested.
Extracts from germinated barley, wheat, triticale, and corn showed compatibility when blended with milk in proportions of 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. The pH of grain extract-milk blends initially adjusted to 7.2 decreased to pH 6.2-6.4 when processed in bottles at 121°C for 15 min. The wheat and barley extract beverages scored highest preference followed by triticale and corn beverages. The beverage has excellent malty taste and smooth mouth feel.
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