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This study evaluated the annual prevalence of anogenital warts (AGW) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and analysed the trend in annual per cent changes (APC) by using national claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment of Korea, 2007-2015. We also estimated the socio-economic burden and co-morbidities of AGW. All analyses were performed based on data for primary A63.0, the specific diagnosis code for AGW. The socio-economic cost of AGW was calculated based on the direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost and indirect cost. The overall AGW prevalence and socio-economic burden has increased during the last 9 years. However, the prevalence of AGW differed significantly by sex. The female prevalence increased until 2012, and decreased thereafter (APC + 3·6%). It would fall after the introduction of routine HPV vaccination, principally for females, in Korea. The male prevalence increased continuously over time (APC + 11·6%), especially in those aged 20-49 years. Referring to the increasing AGW prevalence and its disease burden, active HPV infection control surveillance and prevention in males are worth consideration.

A simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) and pyrithione (PT) in shampoos. The method consisted of a liquid-liquid extraction for sample preparation. The mass spectrometer was operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via the positive electrospray ionization interface. A linear regression (weighted 1/x) was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range of 50-2000 ng/mL for both ZnPT and PT. Excellent linearity (r 2 ≥ 0.9996) was achieved for all. The method was validated and found to be accurate (95.9-108.2% for ZnPT and 94.9-110.4% for PT), precise, and selective. Analytes in shampoos were found to be stable in the autosampler (6°C for 6 h), in room temperature (for 6 h), and after three freeze-thaw cycles, and recovery of analytes was reproducible (90.8-94.6% for ZnPT and 90.2-96.3% for PT).

A Practical Synthesis of β-Keto Phosphonates from Triethyl Phosphonoacetate.-A convenient synthesis of β-keto phosphonates (III) is reported. In contrast to other syntheses the reaction conditions are mild and no competition reactions occur. -(KIM, D. Y.; KONG, M. S.; KIM, T. H.; Synth.

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