Aortic elastic properties can be directly assessed by measuring the movements in the upper aortic wall. Reduced aortic S velocity is associated with increased aortic stiffness in Type 1 diabetic patients.
infarcts showed a degree of functional recovery after AMI. Volume and intensity of hyperenhancement on T2w CMR may give insights into functional recovery post reperfused AMI. Introduction Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard technique to assess myocardial viability (using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)) and reversible injury (using T2-Weighted (T2W) for oedema imaging) in acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, both LGE and T2W are hampered by methodological issues such as threshold-based method for post-processing with scope for error and the need for MR contrast agent. The interpretation of CMR is also challenged by the dynamic changes occurring in the acutely ischaemic tissue as part of the healing process. Pre-contrast T1-mapping can overcome these limitations by providing voxel-based quantitative tissue characterisation. In acute MI patients, we sought to investigate whether pre-contrast T1-mapping11 (1) detects acute myocardial injury, (2) allows for quantification of the severity of damage when compared to standard techniques such as LGE and T2W, and (3) has the ability to predict long term functional recovery. Methods 41 patients with acute MI (30% non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI)) underwent 3T CMR including T2W, T1 mapping and LGE, 12e48 h after chest pain onset and at 6 months. Patients with ST elevation MI (STEMI) underwent primary PCI first. Acute mean segmental T1values, acute and chronic regional and global function and segmental damaged fraction by T2W and LGE were assessed. Results The diagnostic performance of acute T1-mapping was at least as good as that of T2W CMR for detecting myocardial injury; however, in NSTEMI it was significantly higher than T2W oedema imaging. Also, T1 values could define the segmental damaged fraction, as assessed by either by LGE or T2W (p<0.01). Furthermore, the likelihood of improvement of segmental function at 6 months decreased progressively as acute T1 values increased (p<0.0004). Conclusions In patients with acute MI, pre-contrast T1 mapping allows to delineate the extent of myocardial injury and to predict functional recovery at 6 months. Further investigations will be needed to determine whether T1 mapping can distinguish oedema from necrosis in acute MI.
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PRE-CONTRAST T1 MAPPING ALLOWS ASSESSMENT OF SEVERITY OF ACUTE ISCHAEMIC MYOCARDIAL INJURY
Introduction In severe aortic stenosis (AS) myocardial perfusion and myocardial strain (in particular longitudinal strain-LS) are reduced. Reduced myocardial perfusion in severe AS is thought to occur in the subendocardium due to increased LV pressure, leading to reduced LS and increased fibrosis. Our group previously showed a good correlation between pre-contrast T1 values using SHMOLLI (Shortened Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery) sequence and histological quantification of diffuse fibrosis in severe AS. We hypothesised that impaired myocardial perfusion in patients with moderate AS would relate to impaired LS and increased precontrast T1 values (reflecting more diffuse fibrosis). Methods 31 patients (8 female) with asymptomatic moderate AS (by echo criteria) and normal ejection fraction were recruited. All subjects underwent CMR scanning at 1.5T for pre-contrast T1-mapping using the ShMOLLI sequence, stress and rest perfusion imaging, tagging and valve assessment. Average T1 values were analysed on a per-case basis. Perfusion scans were analysed to determine the myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI) and tagging to determine strain. Results All patients (average age 67±12 years) underwent CMR scanning at 1.5 T. The average MPRI was 1.3±0.4. Average T1 values were 956±32 ms. There was a significant correlation between MPRI and LS (<0.05, r=−0.4, figure 1) but not circumferential strain (CS). Average LS was −11.1%±2%, average CS was −17%±3%. There was also a significant correlation of MPRI with aortic valve area (as measured by CMR planimetry mean (1.7 ±0.4 cm
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