Monitoring changes in land use and land cover (LULC) is essential for determining the state of the environment. This study is an attempt to assessing changes in LULC patterns and forest cover at northern region (Dinajpur district) of Bangladesh for the periods 1989–1999, 1999–2010, 2010–2020 and 1989-2020. Landsat satellite images were applied and supervised classification was done. There is a noticeable change found in LULC classes (Built-up, crop/fallow, forest, homestead and water). The built-up and homestead increased by 210.36% and 134.71%; whereas the crop/fallow, forest, and water decreased by 12.27%, 74.99% and 39.77%, respectively between 1989 to 2020. Forest was narrowed as majority of forest land transferred to homestead (8089.02ha) and crop/fallow (5965.74ha) land in last three decades (1989-2020). The findings of the study help in important policy implications for the sustainable LULC management in Dinajpur region of Bangladesh.
Forests are atmospheric CO 2 sinks, but their losses and degradation accelerate the emissions of carbon stored as a sink. Deforestation and forest degradation are widespread in Bangladesh, but their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is unknown. We assess land use and land cover (LULC) change and forest loss in this study by classifying different Landsat satellite imagery with a focus on forest cover loss from 1989 to 2020. Tier 1 standards were used to estimate the carbon removal and emissions from a small-scale tropical forest. Over the last three decades, the forest area has decreased by 2.40%, 3.74% and 7.52%, respectively. The primary causes of forest loss are large-scale tea garden and homestead expansion, as well as increase in agricultural activities. Because of a reduction in the forest area, the annual gain of carbon in forest biomass has also decreased. Although overall carbon emission was a net gain for the Maulvibazar hill forest, it has decreased from 331.24 Gg•yr -1 in the first decade (1989 to 2000) to 307.7 Gg•yr -1 in the most recent decade (2011 to 2020), which is an alarming trend. As a result, this research will contribute to leaders' commitment to "halt and reverse forest loss and land degradation by 2030" at the 26 th United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26) in 2021 to improve carbon sequestration, combat climate change and conserve biodiversity.
The present study uses Remote Sensing techniques to monitor long-term wheat cultivation in Thakurgaon Sadar Upazila. Multi-spectral Landsat images from 1999 to 2019 at five years intervals were collected at the maximum growth stage of wheat. The images were processed by QGIS, ArcGIS, and R software with the random forest supervised classification. The findings revealed that images were classified and separated the crops successfully due to cloud-free images and pure pixels. The results show that the wheat area was decreased from 1999 (16349 ha) to 2019 (9161 ha). It was due to the transformation of the wheat area into other crop areas. The shrinkage rate of wheat areas was much higher (10.93 %) in 1999-09 than in 2009-19. It was due to a sudden decline in blast disease during 2005-09 and increased again. The shrinkage of the wheat area has been driven mainly by climate change influencing profitability. Prolonged hydrological drought introduced maize and potato in the wheat area. The benefit-cost ratio decreased gradually in wheat but increased in maize and potato. The study demonstrates that remote sensing is an effective method for wheat crop area monitoring. This study will help us understand the status of long-term wheat cultivation. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 13(1&2): 25-37, 2020
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