GIS technology based on real-time smart devices, including GPS devices and sensors will be widely used in agricultural technology. Therefore, this technology is being expected in crop harvesting process. One of the most important processes in soybean cultivation is the efficient use of combines and harvesting without loss of harvest. The grain harvester combine Dominator-130 equipped with GPS receiver and grain level sensor was researched in harvesting the soybean. According to results of experiments, during the harvesting of soybean the grain cleanness in a tank of the combine harvester Dominator-130 made up 95.9 per cent, grain loss in a thresher of combine made up 0.7 per cent, these indexes answer to the demands, however in a reaper of combine harvester the grain loss and damaging of grain were higher than demand. Therefore, it is important to define the optimal technological parameters and working regimes that give opportunity to decrease the loss of grain in the reaper of combine and damaging of grain in the thresher of combine for harvesting the soybean.
Harvesting machines of modern cotton pickers are equipped with spindle drums, making rotational movements against the direction of machine motion. To ensure the natural position of the bushes with bolls in the working area of the vertical spindle apparatus, the linear speeds of the spindle centers on the drums advance the speed of the machine. The aim of the paper is to develop a methodology for calculating the lead coefficient depending on the parameters of the drum, spindle, its activity, and frontal location, where the active surface of the spindle should be located opposite the cotton plant. Specific recommendations are given for calculating the operating modes of a cotton picker.
A review of technologies for sowing non-loose seeds of forage plants shows that seeders and devices that fully meet the requirements of agricultural technology have not yet been created. The available tools do not provide a stable sowing of seeds and their uniform placement in the field, so the distances between the nests are not the same in a row. The authors recommend designing the sampling drum for an innovative universal seeding machine with measuring grooves that ensure the same distance between the seed nests in a row, corresponding to the agrotechnical requirements for seeds. The main requirement when creating a seeder was the need to determine the number of grooves that determine the distance between the nests at different speeds of the unit. In addition, it is also required to ensure that the measuring grooves are filled with the required amount of seeds, which depends on the speed of rotation of the sampling drum. Based on preliminary laboratory experiments and theoretical studies, the optimal parameters of the sampling drum were determined: the diameter of the sampling drum is 100 mm; the speed of rotation of the sampling drum is 8-15 rpm; the number of measuring grooves – 10-12 pieces. These parameters at a speed of MTA -1.44 m/s provide the distance between the seed nests in a row and are 0.5-0.7 m.
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