Objective. To study the clinical and psychological features of pain syndrome in multiple myeloma.Materials and methods. Of 95 patients with multiple myeloma, 75 (79,0%) had pain syndrome, 41 (55,0%) had radiculopathy, 20 (27,0%) had polyneuropathy and 14 (19,0%) had ossalgia. The patients were divided into two groups: the first is with moderate pain syndrome (32 patients), the second is with severe pain syndrome (43 patients). The comparison group consisted of 60 patients with vertebrogenic radiculopathy. The severity of pain was assessed on a visual-analog scale (VAS). To study anxiety, we used the C. Spielberger–Y. Hanin test, and the Zung scale for depression. To determine the type of attitude to the disease, the TOBOL method was used.Results. In patients with multiple myeloma with severe pain syndrome, in comparison with patients with moderate pain syndrome, reactive anxiety, moderate depression, and maladaptive types of attitude to the disease were significantly more frequently registered. Correlation analysis revealed links between the level of reactive anxiety and the level of pain on the VAS scale, between the frequency of occurrence of maladaptive types of attitude to the disease and the level of depression and anxiety.
Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of personality traits, emotional disorders and adaptation of elderly men and women in the early stages of chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI).Material and methods. We examined 120 patients with early manifestations of CBI – 48 men and 72 women (mean age is, respectively, 64.3 ± 0.5 and 65.0 ± 0.6 years). The study of personality traits was carried out using the method of multifactorial personality research of R. Kettell. Emotional disorders were identified according to ICD-X criteria, insomnia according to ICDS‑2 criteria. The level of general asthenia was assessed according to the MFI‑20 scale, anxiety according to the Spielberger scale, depression according to the Beck questionnaire, the quality of sleep according to the questionnaire of the Federal Somnological Centre. The type of adaptive reactions was determined in the leukocyte blood count by the percentage of lymphocytes and segmented neutrophils, taking into account the representation of other blood cells.Results. Emotional and insomnia disorders predominated among women with CCI. Female patients were characterized by higher levels of excitation, tension and anxiety compared to men. Male patients were superior to women in terms of emotional balance. According to the analysis of leukograms, unfavorable adaptive reactions (overactivation and chronic stress) were significantly more frequent in women and correlated with a high level of anxiety and depression. The findings may have implications for the individualization of therapeutic interventions.
Aim of the study. To reveal the pathogenetic and prognostic significance of disturbances in the content of interleukin‑1-alpha (IL‑1α) in the blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients in the acute period of hemorrhagic stroke (HI).Materials and methods. In 100 patients with HI (50 men and 50 women aged 58.25 ± 12.43 years), the level of IL‑1α in blood serum and CSF was monitored on the 1st, 3rd and 10th days of the disease by enzyme immunoassay with a set of reagents from Cytokin (St. Petersburg, Russia).Results. From the first day of stroke the content of IL‑1α in blood serum and CSF is 25–30 times higher than the level of healthy individuals, reaches peak values on the third day and slightly decreases by the tenth day of illness.Conclusions. The pathogenetic significance of an increase in the content of IL‑1α in the acute period of hemorrhagic stroke is determined by its participation in the reactions of local and systemic inflammation that accompanies brain damage. The level of IL‑1α can serve as an early marker of the risk of death in patients with GI.
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