Ajadi, T. A. & M. O. Oyeyemi, 2015. Short-term effects of a single dose of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine on testicular and ejaculate characteristics of dogs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 18, No 2,[123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131].The short-term effect of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine was evaluated in ten adult male dogs with mean weight of 8.0±1.2 kg, and age ranging between 1 and 3 years. The first group (control) comprised five intact dogs treated with normal saline, while the second group included five dogs treated with a single subcutaneous injection of 400 µg GnRH vaccine. Semen was obtained from the dogs before the administration of the vaccine and thereafter fortnightly up to twelve weeks for determination of semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, percentage live-dead ratio and abnormal spermatozoa percentage. Also, the scrotal circumference of the dogs was measured fortnightly for sixteen weeks. At the end of the 16 th week, testis of the control and treated dogs were surgically removed, the short and long axis determined, and fixed in Bouin's fluid for histopathological examination. The testicular dimension, sperm volume, percentage sperm motility and sperm concentration were presented as mean±SD and compared using repeated measures ANOVA (SPSS 17.0 software). The scrotal circumference was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the treated dogs than in controls. The testicular dimension of control dogs (6.1±0.7 cm) was significantly (P<0.05) bigger than that of treated dogs (4.4±0.3 cm) Histologically, the testes of treated dogs showed clear disruption both in the number and morphology of the interstitial Leydig cells. The mean semen volume, sperm motility, concentration and live-dead ratio decreased (P<0.05) two weeks after treatment in vaccinated dogs, and thereafter the dogs became aspermic. It was concluded that the single injection of GnRH vaccine produced changes in the testes and semen of dogs and infertility up to post vaccination week 16.
A three year old nulliparous Boerboel bitch presented with complaints of fever and inappetence six weeks after an elective caesarean section was diagnosed with an extrauterine foetus. A per-cutaneous abdominal ultrasound revealed a foetal sac showing a well-developed skeletal structure and the absence of foetal movement or heartbeat. During laparotomy, a foetal sac containing a dead foetus was located between the spleen and the stomach. The foetal sac was excised following ligation of its mesenteric attachment to the spleen. The previously operated uterus was observed to have involuted but revealed a small bud observed on the middle portion of the left uterine horn. The histological findings of the foetal sac revealed fibro-adipose tissue with numerous congested vessels. It was concluded that the Boerboel bitch had a secondary abdominal ectopic pregnancy and recommended that owing to the difficulty of diagnosing the condition before or during routine elective caesarean surgery, post-operative abdominal ultrasound would have been instructive.
ADDITIONAL KEYWORDSGranulosa cells culture. Steroid hormones. PALABRAS CLAVE ADICIONALESCultivos de células de granulosa. Hormonas esteroides. SUMMARYThe synergistic effects of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and the effect of IGF-II alone on progesterone and estradiol production by bovine granulosa cells (GC) cultured in vitro were determined. Granulosa cells obtained from ovaries of slaughtered cows were cultured for four days in carbon (IV) oxide incubator at 37°C, 5% CO 2 in atmospheric air and 100% relative humidity, using Tissue Culture Medium 199 (TCM 199) as culture medium. The medium was changed on the second day and testosterone added to serve as substrate for estradiol production. IGF-II alone, or IGF-II (10 ng/ mL)+ FSH was added to culture medium at 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 50, and 100 (ng/mL) levels of inclusion. Concentrations of progesterone and estradiol produced were measured by radioimmunoassay. Data collected was statistically analysed using analysis of variance method. The results obtained showed that IGF-II alone and IGF-II + FSH had significant effects (p<0.05) on progesterone and estradiol produced by cultured GC. From the result obtained, it can be concluded that IGF-II + FSH gave better synergistic effects on bovine granulosa progesterone and estradiol production. RESUMENSe estudiaron los efectos sinérgicos del factor de crecimiento II similar a la insulina (ICF-II) solo o asociado a hormona folículo estimulante (FSH), sobre la producción de progesterona y estradiol por las células de granulosa bovinas (GC) cultivadas in vitro. Las GC, obtenidas de ovarios de vacas sacrificadas, fueron cultivadas durante cuatro días en incubador óxido de carbono (IV) a 37°C y 5% de CO 2 en aire atmosférico y 100% de humedad relativa, usando el medio de cultivo de tejidos 199 (TCM 199). El medio, fue cambiado al segundo día y se añadió testosterona como sustrato para la producción de estradiol. El IGF-II solo o IGF-II (10 ng/mL) + FSH, se añadieron a las proporciones de 0; 0,1; 1,0; 10; 50 y 100 (ng/mL). Las concentraciones de progesterona y estradiol producidos se midieron mediante radioinmunoensayo. Los datos obtenidos se sometireron a análisis de varianza. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el IGF-II, solo o IGF-II + FSH tuvieron efectos significativos (p<0,05) sobre la progesterona y el estradiol producidos por las GC cultivadas. La asociación IGF-II + FSH mostró efecto sinérgico sobre la produccion, de progesterona y estradiol por la granulosa bovina.
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