This study aims to study the organizational commitments, job stress, job satisfaction and turnover intention among the private sector employees in Petaling. A total of 120 respondents in Petaling District were selected conveniently. Organizational Commitments Questionnaire (Mowday, Steers & Porter, 1979), perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and Mobley, Horner & Hollingsworth (1978) were used to measure organizational commitments, job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Majority of the respondents were single (77.5%), followed by married (20%), and divorced 2.5%. Results showed that majority of the respondents experienced moderate level of commitment (70.8%); half of the total respondents (50%) experienced high level of job stress; 67.5% of them experienced moderate level of job satisfaction and 42.5% of them experienced moderate level of turnover intention. The result uncovered that there was a significant negative relationship between organizational commitments and turnover intention in the study (r = -.367, p .05); positive relationship between job stress and turnover intention (r = .96, p .05) and negative relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention in the study (r = -.447, p .01). Further analysis concluded that demographic background of respondent mediated the relationship between organizational commitments, job stress, job satisfaction and turnover intention. For future research, it is suggested to compare the predictive validity of the model across different jobs and industries. The methodology of study can be improved by increase the sample size to wider population and adopt probability sampling method in order to generalize more reliable results.

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Online shopping has shaped a new trend of getting consumer goods and services during the pandemic. However, online shopping has also recorded an increasing number of consumer complaints. Hence, this paper explores the legislative approach of consumer protection laws in protecting consumers in online transactions using a content analysis approach. The relevant provisions of several laws, including the Malaysian Consumer Protection Act, were analysed based on the current development to highlight online consumers' legal protection. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 400 respondents in the higher education institutions in the four zones of Peninsular Malaysia using systematic random sampling to determine the level of consumer self-protection practices in online shopping. The analysis of the laws revealed that the current consumer protection laws were inadequate in giving comprehensive protection for online consumers. The survey results demonstrate that while the overall findings show that consumers have high self-protection practices, the preventive measures and consumer redress dimension must be seriously considered since this dimension showed the lowest mean score. Therefore, the relevant ministry and NGOs should increase advocacy programs to motivate consumers to utilize the right to redress, and become empowered consumers to exercise self-protection practices.

This study aims to determine the factors influenced online job search among millennial students in Malaysia Technical University Network (MTUN). A total of 300 university students through on-oneself-reported questionnaires were collected from four MTUN namely Uni-versiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Univer-siti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) and Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). This study performs descriptive analysis, reliability testing, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis by using IBM-SPSS software version 22. The results indicate that factors such as user-perception, social networking sites, and smartphone technology are significantly related to the online job search enhancement. Amongst these three factors, user perception appears to be the strongest predictor toward online job search enhancement. This study concludes that besides consideration of the identified factors which lead to the successful adoption of online job search, effortless and interactive online job search websites in creating a convenient and favorable job search environment would be able to increase the use of online job search. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pencarian kerja di kalangan mahasiswa generasi milenium di Malaysia Technikal University Network (MTUN). Sejumlah 300 mahasiswa dari empat MTUN, yaitu Universiti Tun Hus-sein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) dan Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) telah diuji secara statistik. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji reliabilitas, analisis korelasi dan analisis regresi berganda dengan menggunakan software IBM-SPSS versi 22. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor seperti persepsi pengguna, laman jarin-gan sosial dan teknologi telefon pintar adalah signifikan terhadap peningkatan pencar-ian pekerjaan responden. Diantara tiga faktor, persepsi pengguna merupakan prediktor paling besar yang mempengaruhi pencarian pekerjaan responden. Penelitian ini meny-impulkan bahwa di samping mempertimbangkan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi kes-uksesan perilaku pencarian kerja, tanpa tenaga dan laman pencarian kerja yang interaktif responden tidak dapat meningkatkan perilaku pencarian kerja online yang mudah dan menguntungkan.

Online-to-offline (O2O) commerce is a popular business model which links offline business activities with online channels. Consumer behavior in O2O commerce is more complex than in other traditional business models as both online and offline channels are involved. Despite the growing number of publications focused on this issue, no review paper has discussed the current research trends and factors influencing consumer behavior in O2O commerce. Therefore, this review aimed to synthesize literature on O2O commerce from 2015 to April 2022, focusing on consumer behavior. A set of inclusion and exclusion criteria was developed for searching and screening articles from two dominant databases (i.e., WOS and Scopus), and 53 eligible articles were included in this review. A thematic review approach using ATLAS.ti 9 software was conducted. Quantitative results presented the research trends of O2O commerce. Qualitative analyses generated eight main clusters of factors which influence consumers’ O2O behavior: (1) service and product quality, (2) technical and utilitarian factors, (3) emotional and hedonic factors, (4) trust and risk, (5) price and cost (6), social factors, (7) online content, and (8) habit. This paper also highlighted promising future research directions. The findings are expected to benefit the sustainable management and the future research of O2O commerce.

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of atmospherics on in-store behaviour among Malay Muslim shoppers in Malaysia. The effect of age on shopping behaviour is tested using two age groups: 18-25 years and 50 years or older. Design/methodology/approach-Quantitative methodology was employed, using structural equation modelling for testing the hypotheses developed. Purposive sampling was applied. Findings-Results of the present study show that positive perceptions of atmospherics exerted a positive influence on mood, which, in turn, affected in-store behaviour. Based on stimulus-organismresponse theory, Muslim shoppers who were positive about the atmospherics tend to spend more time and money, and they exhibited intention to patronize the store again. Originality/value-Although past studies suggest that Muslim consumers are different due to their Islamic way of life, guided by the Islamic principles, by controlling for country-specific influences such as socioeconomic factors, the results of this study provide support that modern marketing concepts are as relevant for the Muslim market as they are relevant for other market segments. Using the Mehrabian-Russell framework, Malay Muslims are found to be influenced by store atmospherics which, in turn, affect their in-store shopping behaviour. When comparing younger and older Muslims, results show no evidence of significant differences between these two age groups.

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This study examined the attitude towards online purchasing behavior among UPM students. A purposive sampling method was used and the sample comprised of 100 students who studying at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Data were collected via self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: respondents' socio-demographic background, attitude, purchase perception and website quality. Results indicated that majority of respondents had moderate level of purchase perception and website quality towards online purchasing. Pearson correlation was used to measure the relationship between age, purchase perception, website quality and attitude towards online purchasing behavior. The finding revealed that purchase perception and website quality were significant relationship with attitude towards online purchasing behavior. However the finding showed that age has no significant relationship with attitude towards online purchasing behavior. The result of the study showed that there was a significant difference in attitude towards online purchasing behavior by gender and education background. The study concluded that gender, education background, purchase perception and website quality have directly influence on attitude towards online purchasing behavior. Further studies should explore other factors that influence attitude towards online purchasing behavior with a broader range of population and higher representativeness sampling method.