In November 1990 a nationwide survey of migraine was conducted in France on a representative sample of residents aged 15 years and older. The diagnosis of migraine was based on the International Headache Society (IHS) classification. In a previous study, we validated a diagnostic algorithm which classifies headache sufferers as IHS migraine, "borderline" migraine, possible migraine and non-migrainous headache. The overall prevalence of migraine patients with the IHS criteria in the present study was 8.1%; another 4% were classified as "borderline" migraine, which we in fact considered as definite migraine. Age, gender and occupation were found to be risk factors for migraine. Neither frequency and duration of attacks nor length of time of disease differed with gender. Expressed intensity of attacks, however, was greater in females.
A single exposure of human skin in vivo to UV-SSR, UVA or UVA1 radiation results in different alterations of density and/or morphology of LCs. All these alterations may impair the antigen-presenting function of LCs leading to an alteration of immune response.
Grading silicone impressions of skin surface topography is a highly reliable and a valid measure of photoaging and enables prediction of dermal elastosis in a population setting.
For general practitioners and in epidemiological studies, migraine poses diagnostic problems. It is a polymorphous disease, with diagnosis based on a subjective description of symptoms. The International Headache Society (IHS) proposed a set of rigorous criteria for the diagnosis of migraine. We studied its validity on 171 outpatients of headache clinics and on 96 headache sufferers detected during an annual checkup for workers. The criteria showed an excellent specificity, however sensitivity in both samples was <50%. This lack of validity could be due to IHS criteria being too restrictive. We therefore elaborated and validated our own diagnostic tool, based on the IHS criteria, to a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 78%. We propose our tool for epidemiological studies.
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