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Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have been regarded as one of promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to the wide distribution, low‐cost potassium resources and high working voltage. Anode materials play a vital role in the future development of PIBs. Among the various anode materials, alloying anodes such as tin, antimony, phosphorus, bismuth and silicon show promising future and attracted wide attention owning to their wide distributed resources, favorable working voltage, and theoretically high capacities. However, the severe volume expansion during potassiation/depotassiation leads to pulverization and exfoliation from the current collector, resulting in capacity decay of PIBs. Efficient approaches, such as micro‐/nanostructures designing, carbon coating, and optimizing the interface between electrode and electrolyte have been utilized to solve these issues. In the present review, the research progress on alloying anode materials in PIBs is summarized. Considering the synthesis strategies, battery performance, battery working mechanisms, and structure‐performance relationships of these materials, the challenges and future development directions of alloying anode materials are suggested. Herein, we will provide an outlook for the development of high‐performance alloy‐based anode materials for PIBs and also indicate the future direction of electrode materials in PIBs.